Subtitles

you see the reason you want to be  better is the reason why you aren't   00:00:08

we aren't better because we want to be because  the road to hell is paved with good intentions 00:00:13

because all the do-gooders in the  world whether they're doing good for   00:00:22

others or doing it for themselves are  troublemakers on the basis of kindly   00:00:26

let me help you or you'll drown said the  monkey putting the fish safely up a tree 00:00:31

we white anglo-saxon protestants  british german american 00:00:42

have been on a rampage for the past  hundred or more years to improve the world 00:00:48

we have given the benefits  of our culture our religion   00:00:56

our technology to everybody except  perhaps the australian aborigines 00:01:00

and we have insisted that they receive the  benefits of our culture even our political   00:01:07

styles our democracy you better  be democratic or we'll shoot you 00:01:11

and having conferred these blessings all over  the place we wonder why everybody hates us 00:01:20

see because sometimes doing good to others   00:01:28

and even doing good to oneself  is amazingly destructive 00:01:31

because it's full of conceit how do  you know what's good for other people   00:01:37

how do you know what's good for you if you  say uh you want to improve then you want   00:01:42

to know what's good for you but obviously you  don't because if you did you would be improved 00:01:49

so we don't know it's like  the problem of geneticists   00:01:58

which they face today i went to a meeting  of geneticists not so long ago where they   00:02:02

gathered in a group of philosophers and  theologians and said now look here we need help   00:02:06

we now are on the verge of figuring out  how to breed any kind of human character   00:02:12

we would want to have we can give you saints  philosophers scientists great politicians   00:02:18

anything you want just tell us what  kind of human beings ought we to breed 00:02:27

so i said how will those of us  who are genetically unregenerate   00:02:34

make up our minds what genetically  generate people might be 00:02:41

because i'm afraid very much that our selection  of virtues may not work it may be like for example   00:02:49

this new kind of high yield grain which is made  and uh which is becoming ecologically destructive 00:03:00

when we interfere with the processes  of nature and breed efficient plants   00:03:11

and deficient animals there's always  some way in which we have to pay for it   00:03:15

and i can well see that eugenically  produced human beings might be dreadful 00:03:20

we could have a plague of virtuous  people do you realize that any animal   00:03:28

considered in itself is virtuous it does  its thing but in crowds they're awful 00:03:37

like a crowd of ants or locusts on the rampage  they're all perfectly good animals but it's just   00:03:45

too much i could imagine a perfectly pesticide  mass of a million saints so i said to these people   00:03:50

look was the only thing you can do just be sure  that a vast variety of human beings is maintained 00:04:02

don't please breed us down  to a few excellent types   00:04:11

excellent for what we never know how  circumstances are going to change 00:04:16

and how our need for different  kinds of people changes   00:04:22

at one time we may need very  individualistic and aggressive people   00:04:29

at another time we may need very  cooperative teamworking people at another   00:04:34

time we may need people who are full of interest  in dexterous manipulation of the external world   00:04:40

at another time we may need people who explore  into their own psychology and are introspective   00:04:46

there is no knowing but the more varieties and  the more skills we have obviously the better 00:04:53

so you see here again the  problem comes out in genetics   00:05:02

we do not really know how to  interfere with the way the world is 00:05:06

the way the world actually is is an  enormously complex interrelated organism 00:05:12

the same problem arises in medicine because the  body is a very complexly interrelated organism   00:05:23

and if you look at the body in a superficial  way you may see that something wrong with it   00:05:30

is chickenpox and those  spots that itch that come all   00:05:35

out all over the place well you might  say well spots are there cut them off 00:05:39

so you kill the bug well then  you find you got real problems   00:05:46

because you have to introduce some bugs to kill  the bug it's like bringing rabbits into australia   00:05:52

and that starts going all over the place and  getting out of hand but then you think well   00:05:59

now wait a minute it wasn't the bugs in the blood  there are bugs all over the place what was wrong   00:06:03

with this person that his blood system suddenly  became vulnerable to those particular bugs   00:06:08

his resistance wasn't up therefore what you should  have given was not an antibiotic but vitamins 00:06:15

okay so we're going to build up his  resistance but resistance to what   00:06:22

you may build up resistance to this and this  and this class of bugs but then there's another   00:06:28

one that loves that situation and comes right in  see we always look at the human being medically   00:06:31

in bits and pieces because we have heart  specialists lung specialists bone specialists   00:06:41

nerve specialists and so on and they each see the  human being from their point of view there are a   00:06:48

few generalists but they realize the human body is  so complicated that no one mind can understand it   00:06:54

and furthermore supposing we do succeed in  healing all these people of their diseases 00:07:02

what do we then do about the population problem   00:07:09

i mean we've stopped cholera the black bubonic  plague we're getting the better of tuberculosis   00:07:12

we may fix cancer and heart disease then what  will people die of well there let's go on living   00:07:18

will be enormous quantities of us  then we have to fix this birth thing   00:07:26

pills for everybody then we find what are  the effects the side effects of those pills   00:07:32

what are the psychological effects upon men and  women of not breeding uh children in the usual way 00:07:38

we don't know 00:07:46

and what seems a good thing today or yesterday  like ddt turns out tomorrow to have been a   00:07:50

disaster what seemed in the moral and spiritual  sphere too like great virtues in times past   00:07:56

are easily seen today as hideous evils let's take  for example the inquisition in its own day among   00:08:06

catholics the holy inquisition was regarded  as we today regard the practice of psychiatry   00:08:14

you you see you you feel that in curing a person  of cancer almost anything is justified the most   00:08:24

complex operations the most weird surgery  people suspended for days and days on end   00:08:31

on the end of tubes with x-ray penetration burning  or people undergoing shock treatment people locked   00:08:37

in the colorless monotonous  corridors of mental institutions   00:08:49

in all good faith they knew that  witchcraft and heresy were terrible things 00:08:55

awful plagues imperiling  people's souls forever and ever   00:09:03

so any means were justified  to cure people of heresy 00:09:08

we don't change we're doing the same  thing today but under different names 00:09:15

we can look back at those people and see how  evil that was but we can't see it in ourselves 00:09:23

so therefore beware of 00:09:32

the chinese philosopher said the highest virtue  is not virtue and therefore really is virtue   00:09:41

but inferior virtue cannot let go of  being virtuous and therefore is not virtue 00:09:50

translated in more of a periphrastic way   00:09:58

the highest virtue is not conscious of itself  as virtue and therefore really is virtue   00:10:03

lower virtue is so self-conscious that it's  not virtue in other words when you breathe   00:10:09

you don't congratulate yourself on being virtuous  but breathing is a great virtue it's living 00:10:19

when you come out with beautiful eyes  blue or brown or green as the case may be   00:10:29

you don't congratulate yourself for having  grown one of the most fabulous jewels on earth   00:10:36

just eyes and you don't account it a virtue   00:10:43

to see to entertain the miracles of  color and form you say oh that's just 00:10:48

but that's real virtue virtue in the sense  of the old sense of the word as strength   00:10:57

is when we talk about the healing  virtue of a plant that's real virtue 00:11:02

but the other virtues are stuck on they  their airsides their imitation virtues 00:11:10

and they usually create trouble 00:11:19

because more diabolical things are done in  the name of righteousness and be assured that   00:11:23

everybody of whatever nationality or political  frame of mind or religion always goes to war   00:11:30

with a sense of complete rightness  the other side is the devil 00:11:38

our opponents whether in  china or russia or vietnam   00:11:46

have the same feeling of righteousness about  what they're doing as we have on our side 00:11:53

and a plague on both houses 00:12:00

because as confucius said the goody  goodies are the thieves of virtue 00:12:06

which is the form of our own proverb the  road to hell is paved with good intentions 00:12:16

inspired consider this a quick reminder god  playing hide and seek my mission is to find 00:12:46