Subtitles
I will have the really crank and David 00:00:00
I will have the really crank and David 00:00:02
I will have the really crank and David Mitchell on and this has been the 00:00:02
Mitchell on and this has been the 00:00:05
Mitchell on and this has been the station of the nation the fun 91 WMU 00:00:05
station of the nation the fun 91 WMU 00:00:07
station of the nation the fun 91 WMU East Orange WX h d mount hope heard 00:00:07
East Orange WX h d mount hope heard 00:00:10
East Orange WX h d mount hope heard worldwide on the internet at 00:00:10
[Music] 00:00:16
and it's six o'clock and this is w mu e 00:00:27
and it's six o'clock and this is w mu e 00:00:32
and it's six o'clock and this is w mu e stars w xh d mount hope and welcome to 00:00:32
stars w xh d mount hope and welcome to 00:00:38
stars w xh d mount hope and welcome to the Alan Watts lecture series tonight we 00:00:38
the Alan Watts lecture series tonight we 00:00:39
the Alan Watts lecture series tonight we have a much-anticipated lecture the game 00:00:39
have a much-anticipated lecture the game 00:00:42
have a much-anticipated lecture the game theory of ethics if you want some more 00:00:42
theory of ethics if you want some more 00:00:45
theory of ethics if you want some more information and a schedule here send a 00:00:45
information and a schedule here send a 00:00:47
information and a schedule here send a self-addressed stamped envelope to W F 00:00:47
self-addressed stamped envelope to W F 00:00:48
self-addressed stamped envelope to W F mu care of Alan Watts P o box to zero 00:00:48
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mu care of Alan Watts P o box to zero one one Jersey City New Jersey zero 00:00:51
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one one Jersey City New Jersey zero seven three zero three or email WF mu @ 00:00:53
seven three zero three or email WF mu @ 00:00:55
seven three zero three or email WF mu @ w F mu dot o-r-g and now we're going to 00:00:55
w F mu dot o-r-g and now we're going to 00:00:58
w F mu dot o-r-g and now we're going to hear the electric game theory of ethics 00:00:58
hear the electric game theory of ethics 00:01:01
hear the electric game theory of ethics by Alan Watts series I was putting 00:01:01
by Alan Watts series I was putting 00:01:10
by Alan Watts series I was putting forward cells to have all my cards on 00:01:10
forward cells to have all my cards on 00:01:13
forward cells to have all my cards on the table 00:01:13
the table 00:01:14
the table what my metaphysics are that is to say 00:01:14
what my metaphysics are that is to say 00:01:17
what my metaphysics are that is to say what are the basic assumptions from 00:01:17
what are the basic assumptions from 00:01:21
what are the basic assumptions from which I approach this question and I 00:01:22
which I approach this question and I 00:01:26
which I approach this question and I stress two points in particular number 00:01:26
stress two points in particular number 00:01:30
stress two points in particular number one that as I feel this universe 00:01:30
I think we are under an illusion with 00:01:38
I think we are under an illusion with 00:01:43
I think we are under an illusion with regard to the nature of ourselves this 00:01:43
regard to the nature of ourselves this 00:01:49
regard to the nature of ourselves this arises from the superstition that there 00:01:49
arises from the superstition that there 00:01:57
arises from the superstition that there are really separate things and events 00:01:57
are really separate things and events 00:02:01
are really separate things and events and I pointed out that that is actually 00:02:01
and I pointed out that that is actually 00:02:05
and I pointed out that that is actually a way of thinking rather than a state of 00:02:05
a way of thinking rather than a state of 00:02:11
a way of thinking rather than a state of affairs in the physical universe in 00:02:11
affairs in the physical universe in 00:02:16
affairs in the physical universe in order to think one must thing that is to 00:02:16
order to think one must thing that is to 00:02:20
order to think one must thing that is to say divide this astonishing cosmic 00:02:20
say divide this astonishing cosmic 00:02:25
say divide this astonishing cosmic Rorschach blot into bits and give the 00:02:25
Rorschach blot into bits and give the 00:02:30
Rorschach blot into bits and give the bits names this is a kind of calculus 00:02:30
bits names this is a kind of calculus 00:02:34
bits names this is a kind of calculus and we break the world down into these 00:02:34
and we break the world down into these 00:02:39
and we break the world down into these separate things and separate events 00:02:39
separate things and separate events 00:02:42
separate things and separate events they're really thing events you might 00:02:42
they're really thing events you might 00:02:44
they're really thing events you might call them in order to calculate about it 00:02:44
call them in order to calculate about it 00:02:48
call them in order to calculate about it in order to describe its behavior in 00:02:48
in order to describe its behavior in 00:02:51
in order to describe its behavior in order to think 00:02:51
and but just as something that costs $5 00:02:55
and but just as something that costs $5 00:02:59
and but just as something that costs $5 if you buy a loaf of bread or a let's 00:02:59
if you buy a loaf of bread or a let's 00:03:06
if you buy a loaf of bread or a let's say wouldn't be $5 let's say 50 cents 00:03:06
say wouldn't be $5 let's say 50 cents 00:03:09
say wouldn't be $5 let's say 50 cents it isn't 50 separate things that you buy 00:03:09
it isn't 50 separate things that you buy 00:03:11
it isn't 50 separate things that you buy although you pay 50 cents for it and so 00:03:11
although you pay 50 cents for it and so 00:03:15
although you pay 50 cents for it and so in the same way when we talk about the 00:03:15
in the same way when we talk about the 00:03:18
in the same way when we talk about the multiplicity of things in this universe 00:03:18
multiplicity of things in this universe 00:03:22
multiplicity of things in this universe this is just a way of measuring it 00:03:22
this is just a way of measuring it 00:03:25
this is just a way of measuring it measuring it with words as you measure 00:03:25
measuring it with words as you measure 00:03:27
measuring it with words as you measure the value of something with money or the 00:03:27
the value of something with money or the 00:03:30
the value of something with money or the length of something with inches but we 00:03:30
length of something with inches but we 00:03:36
length of something with inches but we are so accustomed to so I would say 00:03:36
are so accustomed to so I would say 00:03:43
are so accustomed to so I would say hypnotized by the usefulness of thought 00:03:43
hypnotized by the usefulness of thought 00:03:47
hypnotized by the usefulness of thought that we come to imagine that the way the 00:03:47
that we come to imagine that the way the 00:03:50
that we come to imagine that the way the world is thinked is the way it's themed 00:03:50
world is thinked is the way it's themed 00:03:54
world is thinked is the way it's themed is the way it really is but I rather see 00:03:54
is the way it really is but I rather see 00:04:00
is the way it really is but I rather see it as a continuous process a single vast 00:04:00
it as a continuous process a single vast 00:04:06
it as a continuous process a single vast field of activity a single pattern of 00:04:06
field of activity a single pattern of 00:04:10
field of activity a single pattern of which every single one of us is an 00:04:10
which every single one of us is an 00:04:13
which every single one of us is an expression 00:04:13
but when you think about say a Furies of 00:04:17
but when you think about say a Furies of 00:04:21
but when you think about say a Furies of events as being separate events if the 00:04:21
events as being separate events if the 00:04:26
events as being separate events if the result of a kind of myopia if you watch 00:04:26
result of a kind of myopia if you watch 00:04:30
result of a kind of myopia if you watch through some something going on through 00:04:30
through some something going on through 00:04:34
through some something going on through a narrow slit you see the event broken 00:04:34
a narrow slit you see the event broken 00:04:39
a narrow slit you see the event broken down into bits and you see bit following 00:04:39
down into bits and you see bit following 00:04:45
down into bits and you see bit following bit whereas if the crack were enlarged 00:04:45
bit whereas if the crack were enlarged 00:04:48
bit whereas if the crack were enlarged you would see that the separate bits 00:04:48
you would see that the separate bits 00:04:51
you would see that the separate bits were all one event so in much the same 00:04:51
were all one event so in much the same 00:04:55
were all one event so in much the same way our custom of attending to our 00:04:55
way our custom of attending to our 00:04:58
way our custom of attending to our experience with concentrated attention 00:04:58
experience with concentrated attention 00:05:02
experience with concentrated attention cuts it down into things we call 00:05:02
cuts it down into things we call 00:05:06
cuts it down into things we call separate events the other basis of my 00:05:06
separate events the other basis of my 00:05:12
separate events the other basis of my metaphysics was that we tend to ignore 00:05:12
metaphysics was that we tend to ignore 00:05:18
metaphysics was that we tend to ignore the polarity of the world that is to say 00:05:18
the polarity of the world that is to say 00:05:24
the polarity of the world that is to say to use a simpler word the del witness of 00:05:24
to use a simpler word the del witness of 00:05:28
to use a simpler word the del witness of things and events they're just as you 00:05:28
things and events they're just as you 00:05:34
things and events they're just as you know series of waves to have a complete 00:05:34
know series of waves to have a complete 00:05:39
know series of waves to have a complete wave you must have both a crest and the 00:05:39
wave you must have both a crest and the 00:05:41
wave you must have both a crest and the trough you can't have a half wave half 00:05:41
trough you can't have a half wave half 00:05:44
trough you can't have a half wave half waves are never manifested in this 00:05:44
waves are never manifested in this 00:05:47
waves are never manifested in this cosmos just as you must have the crest 00:05:47
cosmos just as you must have the crest 00:05:50
cosmos just as you must have the crest and the trough so also there is a door 00:05:50
and the trough so also there is a door 00:05:56
and the trough so also there is a door with nests of subject and object self 00:05:56
with nests of subject and object self 00:06:00
with nests of subject and object self and other and of course those great 00:06:00
and other and of course those great 00:06:03
and other and of course those great fundamental physical polarities being 00:06:03
fundamental physical polarities being 00:06:07
fundamental physical polarities being and non-being solid in space light and 00:06:07
and non-being solid in space light and 00:06:12
and non-being solid in space light and darkness life and death 00:06:12
darkness life and death 00:06:16
darkness life and death but when this is not perceived when we 00:06:16
but when this is not perceived when we 00:06:21
but when this is not perceived when we are not aware of the total unity of the 00:06:21
are not aware of the total unity of the 00:06:28
are not aware of the total unity of the world of the fact that one's actual self 00:06:28
world of the fact that one's actual self 00:06:31
world of the fact that one's actual self is not something in the world separate 00:06:31
is not something in the world separate 00:06:34
is not something in the world separate from it but the whole works and when you 00:06:34
from it but the whole works and when you 00:06:39
from it but the whole works and when you are not aware that self and other go 00:06:39
are not aware that self and other go 00:06:42
are not aware that self and other go together inside and outside in such a 00:06:42
together inside and outside in such a 00:06:45
together inside and outside in such a way as to constitute one total body then 00:06:45
way as to constitute one total body then 00:06:50
way as to constitute one total body then because of this feeling of separation of 00:06:50
because of this feeling of separation of 00:06:53
because of this feeling of separation of not really belonging we feel alienated 00:06:53
not really belonging we feel alienated 00:06:59
not really belonging we feel alienated from our total environment and from 00:06:59
from our total environment and from 00:07:02
from our total environment and from other people and so act towards it in a 00:07:02
other people and so act towards it in a 00:07:07
other people and so act towards it in a predominantly hostile way 00:07:07
now during the question period there 00:07:12
now during the question period there 00:07:17
now during the question period there arose some discussion of the purpose of 00:07:17
arose some discussion of the purpose of 00:07:22
arose some discussion of the purpose of this universe and I think I stirred up a 00:07:22
this universe and I think I stirred up a 00:07:27
this universe and I think I stirred up a little bit of trouble by suggesting that 00:07:27
little bit of trouble by suggesting that 00:07:30
little bit of trouble by suggesting that I didn't think it had a purpose in the 00:07:30
I didn't think it had a purpose in the 00:07:32
I didn't think it had a purpose in the ordinary sense of the word purpose that 00:07:32
ordinary sense of the word purpose that 00:07:36
ordinary sense of the word purpose that is to say action directed towards the 00:07:36
is to say action directed towards the 00:07:40
is to say action directed towards the future striving for a goal I felt rather 00:07:40
future striving for a goal I felt rather 00:07:47
future striving for a goal I felt rather that the design of the world was playful 00:07:47
that the design of the world was playful 00:07:50
that the design of the world was playful as distinct from purposes and 00:07:50
as distinct from purposes and 00:07:54
as distinct from purposes and furthermore therefore that being itself 00:07:54
furthermore therefore that being itself 00:07:59
furthermore therefore that being itself existence is not fundamentally and 00:07:59
existence is not fundamentally and 00:08:02
existence is not fundamentally and finally serious of course you see if you 00:08:02
finally serious of course you see if you 00:08:07
finally serious of course you see if you think if you really believe that you are 00:08:07
think if you really believe that you are 00:08:10
think if you really believe that you are this lonely little separate being 00:08:10
this lonely little separate being 00:08:12
this lonely little separate being confronted by a world that doesn't give 00:08:12
confronted by a world that doesn't give 00:08:16
confronted by a world that doesn't give a damn about you and is mostly hostile 00:08:16
a damn about you and is mostly hostile 00:08:19
a damn about you and is mostly hostile then it is pretty serious 00:08:19
then it is pretty serious 00:08:21
then it is pretty serious you're an attraction 00:08:21
but one might ask in conventional 00:08:27
but one might ask in conventional 00:08:29
but one might ask in conventional Christian terms if there is a God is God 00:08:29
Christian terms if there is a God is God 00:08:32
Christian terms if there is a God is God serious and one would say I hope not 00:08:32
because let's look at this word serious 00:08:41
because let's look at this word serious 00:08:47
because let's look at this word serious if some attractive young woman says to 00:08:47
if some attractive young woman says to 00:08:50
if some attractive young woman says to me I love you ought I to come back to 00:08:50
me I love you ought I to come back to 00:08:55
me I love you ought I to come back to her and say are you serious or are you 00:08:55
her and say are you serious or are you 00:08:57
her and say are you serious or are you just playing with me I don't think I 00:08:57
just playing with me I don't think I 00:09:01
just playing with me I don't think I should ask that because I hope she isn't 00:09:01
should ask that because I hope she isn't 00:09:03
should ask that because I hope she isn't serious and that she will play with me I 00:09:03
I don't really go for serious girls so I 00:09:12
I don't really go for serious girls so I 00:09:19
I don't really go for serious girls so I should ask instead are you sincere or 00:09:19
should ask instead are you sincere or 00:09:24
should ask instead are you sincere or are you just toying with me and you see 00:09:24
are you just toying with me and you see 00:09:28
are you just toying with me and you see that gives an entirely different meaning 00:09:28
because seriousness is a kind of gravity 00:09:37
because seriousness is a kind of gravity 00:09:42
because seriousness is a kind of gravity and the gravity is a kind of weight and 00:09:42
and the gravity is a kind of weight and 00:09:45
and the gravity is a kind of weight and that which is heavy is a drag it sinks 00:09:45
that which is heavy is a drag it sinks 00:09:52
that which is heavy is a drag it sinks and GK Chesterton once very rightly said 00:09:52
and GK Chesterton once very rightly said 00:09:57
and GK Chesterton once very rightly said not only that there was more affinity 00:09:57
not only that there was more affinity 00:10:01
not only that there was more affinity between cosmic and comic than the mere 00:10:01
between cosmic and comic than the mere 00:10:04
between cosmic and comic than the mere similarity of the words but also that 00:10:04
similarity of the words but also that 00:10:07
similarity of the words but also that angels fly because they take themselves 00:10:07
angels fly because they take themselves 00:10:09
angels fly because they take themselves lightly and if this were true of the 00:10:09
lightly and if this were true of the 00:10:16
lightly and if this were true of the Angels how much more would it be true of 00:10:16
Angels how much more would it be true of 00:10:18
Angels how much more would it be true of the Lord of the Angels in other words 00:10:18
the Lord of the Angels in other words 00:10:22
the Lord of the Angels in other words you could say in mythological language 00:10:22
you could say in mythological language 00:10:24
you could say in mythological language that the most serious being in the world 00:10:24
that the most serious being in the world 00:10:26
that the most serious being in the world would be the devil inflamed with hatred 00:10:26
would be the devil inflamed with hatred 00:10:30
would be the devil inflamed with hatred and malice against the cosmos whereas 00:10:30
and malice against the cosmos whereas 00:10:34
and malice against the cosmos whereas the most non serious being would be God 00:10:34
the most non serious being would be God 00:10:36
the most non serious being would be God because he would be Supreme lightness 00:10:36
because he would be Supreme lightness 00:10:41
because he would be Supreme lightness spirit levity and indeed Dante intimates 00:10:41
spirit levity and indeed Dante intimates 00:10:45
spirit levity and indeed Dante intimates this when he describes the song of the 00:10:45
this when he describes the song of the 00:10:48
this when he describes the song of the Angels as the laughter of the universe 00:10:48
Angels as the laughter of the universe 00:10:52
Angels as the laughter of the universe you know what those angels do singing 00:10:52
you know what those angels do singing 00:10:55
you know what those angels do singing alleluia alleluia alleluia what do you 00:10:55
alleluia alleluia alleluia what do you 00:10:58
alleluia alleluia alleluia what do you think that is that's nonsense 00:10:58
when I was for a while a minister 00:11:04
I used to tell the students I was the 00:11:14
I used to tell the students I was the 00:11:19
I used to tell the students I was the University chaplain and I used to tell 00:11:19
University chaplain and I used to tell 00:11:21
University chaplain and I used to tell the students that we were going to have 00:11:21
the students that we were going to have 00:11:25
the students that we were going to have a celebration of the Holy Communion on 00:11:25
a celebration of the Holy Communion on 00:11:27
a celebration of the Holy Communion on Sunday at 11 o'clock and I mean 00:11:27
Sunday at 11 o'clock and I mean 00:11:29
Sunday at 11 o'clock and I mean celebration I said don't come here out 00:11:29
celebration I said don't come here out 00:11:34
celebration I said don't come here out of a sense of duty if you do you're a 00:11:34
of a sense of duty if you do you're a 00:11:37
of a sense of duty if you do you're a skeleton with the feast and you better 00:11:37
skeleton with the feast and you better 00:11:40
skeleton with the feast and you better stay in bed or go for a swim or 00:11:40
stay in bed or go for a swim or 00:11:42
stay in bed or go for a swim or something because here in celebrating 00:11:42
something because here in celebrating 00:11:46
something because here in celebrating the divine mysteries we are going to 00:11:46
the divine mysteries we are going to 00:11:48
the divine mysteries we are going to join the Angels in making celestial 00:11:48
join the Angels in making celestial 00:11:50
join the Angels in making celestial Whoopie but you see our tradition has in 00:11:50
Whoopie but you see our tradition has in 00:11:58
Whoopie but you see our tradition has in its background the idea that God is 00:11:58
its background the idea that God is 00:12:02
its background the idea that God is really rather grim and I must so many of 00:12:02
really rather grim and I must so many of 00:12:08
really rather grim and I must so many of you have picked this up as children 00:12:09
you have picked this up as children 00:12:10
you have picked this up as children children are very sensitive to what I 00:12:10
children are very sensitive to what I 00:12:13
children are very sensitive to what I call the aesthetics of religion and the 00:12:13
call the aesthetics of religion and the 00:12:17
call the aesthetics of religion and the aesthetics of religion is very much 00:12:17
aesthetics of religion is very much 00:12:19
aesthetics of religion is very much overlooked by religious people in the W 00:12:19
overlooked by religious people in the W 00:12:24
overlooked by religious people in the W ASP culture we have a positive genius 00:12:24
ASP culture we have a positive genius 00:12:27
ASP culture we have a positive genius for spiritual ugliness I think of why do 00:12:27
for spiritual ugliness I think of why do 00:12:32
for spiritual ugliness I think of why do we bind our Bibles in black why do 00:12:32
we bind our Bibles in black why do 00:12:36
we bind our Bibles in black why do pledge women go around in black why do 00:12:36
pledge women go around in black why do 00:12:40
pledge women go around in black why do we have that ghastly kind of sickly 00:12:40
we have that ghastly kind of sickly 00:12:43
we have that ghastly kind of sickly yellow stained glass in church buildings 00:12:43
yellow stained glass in church buildings 00:12:45
yellow stained glass in church buildings especially Protestant ones there's 00:12:45
especially Protestant ones there's 00:12:50
especially Protestant ones there's something about it and then too in the 00:12:50
something about it and then too in the 00:12:53
something about it and then too in the pulpit there's a certain certain kind of 00:12:53
pulpit there's a certain certain kind of 00:12:59
pulpit there's a certain certain kind of funny solemnity that goes with preaching 00:12:59
funny solemnity that goes with preaching 00:13:02
funny solemnity that goes with preaching and children need you to detect that 00:13:02
and children need you to detect that 00:13:05
and children need you to detect that there's something phony about it there's 00:13:05
there's something phony about it there's 00:13:08
there's something phony about it there's a that why does that man put on a 00:13:08
a that why does that man put on a 00:13:10
a that why does that man put on a special voice which isn't like the 00:13:10
special voice which isn't like the 00:13:12
special voice which isn't like the ordinary voice people talk with I know 00:13:12
ordinary voice people talk with I know 00:13:14
ordinary voice people talk with I know of course it was the result of the fact 00:13:14
of course it was the result of the fact 00:13:16
of course it was the result of the fact long ago that there were no Public 00:13:16
long ago that there were no Public 00:13:18
long ago that there were no Public Address systems and one had to boom to 00:13:18
Address systems and one had to boom to 00:13:21
Address systems and one had to boom to be 00:13:21
be 00:13:21
be in a large building but there it is 00:13:21
in a large building but there it is 00:13:26
in a large building but there it is there is this feeling this flavor I 00:13:26
there is this feeling this flavor I 00:13:28
there is this feeling this flavor I would almost call it as they say in Zen 00:13:28
would almost call it as they say in Zen 00:13:29
would almost call it as they say in Zen Buddhism you know a person who has too 00:13:29
Buddhism you know a person who has too 00:13:32
Buddhism you know a person who has too much Zen and who's what we would call 00:13:32
much Zen and who's what we would call 00:13:35
much Zen and who's what we would call God a kind of religious mania they say 00:13:35
God a kind of religious mania they say 00:13:37
God a kind of religious mania they say he has then stink and so one can have 00:13:37
he has then stink and so one can have 00:13:43
he has then stink and so one can have religious stink and it is this kind of 00:13:43
religious stink and it is this kind of 00:13:46
religious stink and it is this kind of strange solemnity as if God were always 00:13:46
strange solemnity as if God were always 00:13:54
strange solemnity as if God were always taking the attitude of this is going to 00:13:54
taking the attitude of this is going to 00:13:57
taking the attitude of this is going to hurt me more than it's going to hurt you 00:13:57
hurt me more than it's going to hurt you 00:13:59
hurt me more than it's going to hurt you [Music] 00:13:59
and so because of the influence of these 00:14:03
and so because of the influence of these 00:14:07
and so because of the influence of these images upon our thinking and you know 00:14:08
images upon our thinking and you know 00:14:10
images upon our thinking and you know images have an extraordinarily powerful 00:14:10
images have an extraordinarily powerful 00:14:12
images have an extraordinarily powerful influence on us they are much more 00:14:12
influence on us they are much more 00:14:14
influence on us they are much more powerful than logical ideas you can 00:14:14
powerful than logical ideas you can 00:14:18
powerful than logical ideas you can firmly believe with Paul Tillich's that 00:14:18
firmly believe with Paul Tillich's that 00:14:21
firmly believe with Paul Tillich's that God is simply the ground of being or 00:14:21
God is simply the ground of being or 00:14:23
God is simply the ground of being or with some Thomas Aquinas that he is 00:14:23
with some Thomas Aquinas that he is 00:14:25
with some Thomas Aquinas that he is necessary being or with AFSC Northrop 00:14:25
necessary being or with AFSC Northrop 00:14:29
necessary being or with AFSC Northrop that he is the undifferentiated 00:14:29
that he is the undifferentiated 00:14:30
that he is the undifferentiated aesthetic continuum but those images 00:14:30
aesthetic continuum but those images 00:14:35
aesthetic continuum but those images that in bit influenced you in childhood 00:14:35
that in bit influenced you in childhood 00:14:37
that in bit influenced you in childhood remain as it were in the very roots of 00:14:37
remain as it were in the very roots of 00:14:40
remain as it were in the very roots of your thinking at the bottom of your 00:14:40
your thinking at the bottom of your 00:14:42
your thinking at the bottom of your heart and pull those heartstrings very 00:14:42
heart and pull those heartstrings very 00:14:45
heart and pull those heartstrings very strongly even though you may have 00:14:45
strongly even though you may have 00:14:47
strongly even though you may have outgrown them intellectually so I am for 00:14:47
outgrown them intellectually so I am for 00:14:51
outgrown them intellectually so I am for a serious revision of the image of God I 00:14:51
a serious revision of the image of God I 00:14:55
a serious revision of the image of God I think that's very very important and 00:14:55
think that's very very important and 00:14:57
think that's very very important and that we exorcise this grim Lord of the 00:14:57
that we exorcise this grim Lord of the 00:15:05
that we exorcise this grim Lord of the universe who is kind yes loving yet just 00:15:05
universe who is kind yes loving yet just 00:15:10
universe who is kind yes loving yet just yes but son 00:15:10
yes but son 00:15:14
yes but son seriously and so of course the attitude 00:15:14
seriously and so of course the attitude 00:15:19
seriously and so of course the attitude of the minister is so often to the young 00:15:19
of the minister is so often to the young 00:15:22
of the minister is so often to the young now boys quit horsing around you and I 00:15:22
now boys quit horsing around you and I 00:15:25
now boys quit horsing around you and I have got to get together for a very 00:15:25
have got to get together for a very 00:15:26
have got to get together for a very serious talk well now as I indicated we 00:15:26
serious talk well now as I indicated we 00:15:36
serious talk well now as I indicated we use the word game play in different ways 00:15:36
we can use it to mean what is only 00:15:43
we can use it to mean what is only 00:15:45
we can use it to mean what is only trivial play as distinguished from work 00:15:45
trivial play as distinguished from work 00:15:51
trivial play as distinguished from work and in our culture we make a very firm 00:15:51
and in our culture we make a very firm 00:15:57
and in our culture we make a very firm differentiation between play and work if 00:15:57
differentiation between play and work if 00:16:02
differentiation between play and work if I you know I'd enjoy my work so much 00:16:02
I you know I'd enjoy my work so much 00:16:05
I you know I'd enjoy my work so much that I'm accused very often of not doing 00:16:05
that I'm accused very often of not doing 00:16:08
that I'm accused very often of not doing any you know you write books and you 00:16:08
any you know you write books and you 00:16:12
any you know you write books and you give lectures and you read and all that 00:16:12
give lectures and you read and all that 00:16:14
give lectures and you read and all that kind of thing and that's that's not 00:16:14
kind of thing and that's that's not 00:16:17
kind of thing and that's that's not really work it would be if you didn't 00:16:17
really work it would be if you didn't 00:16:20
really work it would be if you didn't like it 00:16:20
like it 00:16:22
like it [Music] 00:16:22
[Music] 00:16:24
[Music] but the assumption is you see I when I 00:16:24
but the assumption is you see I when I 00:16:27
but the assumption is you see I when I want to get away with something and say 00:16:27
want to get away with something and say 00:16:29
want to get away with something and say well I have some work to do that means 00:16:29
well I have some work to do that means 00:16:33
well I have some work to do that means well of course you're excused you can go 00:16:33
well of course you're excused you can go 00:16:35
well of course you're excused you can go but it is important that you work but if 00:16:35
but it is important that you work but if 00:16:38
but it is important that you work but if I said well I have some very important 00:16:38
I said well I have some very important 00:16:40
I said well I have some very important play to do it wouldn't quite go over 00:16:40
play to do it wouldn't quite go over 00:16:43
play to do it wouldn't quite go over this knee but the idea is you see that 00:16:43
this knee but the idea is you see that 00:16:48
this knee but the idea is you see that you work and although that's the serious 00:16:48
you work and although that's the serious 00:16:55
you work and although that's the serious part of life 00:16:55
part of life 00:16:56
part of life the objective is it of it is to get 00:16:56
the objective is it of it is to get 00:16:59
the objective is it of it is to get enough money 00:16:59
enough money 00:16:59
enough money smell is to be able to play and nobody 00:16:59
smell is to be able to play and nobody 00:17:04
smell is to be able to play and nobody really does because most people I know 00:17:04
really does because most people I know 00:17:08
really does because most people I know they make lots of money but when they 00:17:08
they make lots of money but when they 00:17:11
they make lots of money but when they get home they don't really play they're 00:17:11
get home they don't really play they're 00:17:13
get home they don't really play they're either too tired or they watch 00:17:13
either too tired or they watch 00:17:14
either too tired or they watch television and that's not really plague 00:17:14
television and that's not really plague 00:17:17
television and that's not really plague that's the kind of participation dope 00:17:17
that's the kind of participation dope 00:17:23
that's the kind of participation dope addiction 00:17:23
and but the other thing is that the 00:17:29
and but the other thing is that the 00:17:34
and but the other thing is that the reason why we don't play is that we 00:17:34
reason why we don't play is that we 00:17:37
reason why we don't play is that we believed playing we can do it just so 00:17:37
believed playing we can do it just so 00:17:40
believed playing we can do it just so long as it's good for us 00:17:40
long as it's good for us 00:17:42
long as it's good for us in other words play is called recreation 00:17:42
in other words play is called recreation 00:17:46
in other words play is called recreation that is to say what gets you in a fitter 00:17:46
that is to say what gets you in a fitter 00:17:49
that is to say what gets you in a fitter condition to go back to work see work is 00:17:49
condition to go back to work see work is 00:17:51
condition to go back to work see work is the objective 00:17:51
the objective 00:17:52
the objective so we excused play and culture and all 00:17:52
so we excused play and culture and all 00:17:56
so we excused play and culture and all that kind of thing in that it relaxes us 00:17:56
that kind of thing in that it relaxes us 00:17:59
that kind of thing in that it relaxes us and makes us stronger so that we can be 00:17:59
and makes us stronger so that we can be 00:18:02
and makes us stronger so that we can be more productive could you see if you 00:18:02
more productive could you see if you 00:18:05
more productive could you see if you play in order to do better work you're 00:18:05
play in order to do better work you're 00:18:09
play in order to do better work you're not really playing because play is the 00:18:09
not really playing because play is the 00:18:13
not really playing because play is the kind of activity which does not have an 00:18:13
kind of activity which does not have an 00:18:17
kind of activity which does not have an ulterior motive it is the kind of 00:18:17
ulterior motive it is the kind of 00:18:19
ulterior motive it is the kind of activity that is done for its own sake 00:18:19
activity that is done for its own sake 00:18:22
activity that is done for its own sake and according to some Thomas Aquinas 00:18:22
and according to some Thomas Aquinas 00:18:24
and according to some Thomas Aquinas this is peculiarly characteristic of God 00:18:24
this is peculiarly characteristic of God 00:18:28
this is peculiarly characteristic of God because he says quoting the book of 00:18:28
because he says quoting the book of 00:18:31
because he says quoting the book of Proverbs where the wisdom of God is 00:18:31
Proverbs where the wisdom of God is 00:18:33
Proverbs where the wisdom of God is personalized and speaks and says that 00:18:33
personalized and speaks and says that 00:18:36
personalized and speaks and says that her function is always to play in the 00:18:36
her function is always to play in the 00:18:39
her function is always to play in the presence of the Most High 00:18:39
unfortunately the King James which is a 00:18:43
unfortunately the King James which is a 00:18:47
unfortunately the King James which is a very dignified translation of the Bible 00:18:47
very dignified translation of the Bible 00:18:49
very dignified translation of the Bible says rejoice but the Hebrew says play 00:18:49
says rejoice but the Hebrew says play 00:18:53
says rejoice but the Hebrew says play and so he said that this was a divine 00:18:53
and so he said that this was a divine 00:19:00
and so he said that this was a divine activity because whereas work is done 00:19:00
activity because whereas work is done 00:19:04
activity because whereas work is done for something to serve some purpose he 00:19:04
for something to serve some purpose he 00:19:11
for something to serve some purpose he who is all perfection has no purpose 00:19:11
who is all perfection has no purpose 00:19:14
who is all perfection has no purpose there is nothing he needs he doesn't 00:19:14
there is nothing he needs he doesn't 00:19:17
there is nothing he needs he doesn't need to do any work and therefore the 00:19:17
need to do any work and therefore the 00:19:19
need to do any work and therefore the activity of God is supremely playful 00:19:19
so in this way one might say that the 00:19:25
so in this way one might say that the 00:19:32
so in this way one might say that the most important thing in human life for 00:19:32
most important thing in human life for 00:19:35
most important thing in human life for one's sanity is to be able to be playful 00:19:35
one's sanity is to be able to be playful 00:19:41
one's sanity is to be able to be playful or to be able to do things which are 00:19:41
or to be able to do things which are 00:19:45
or to be able to do things which are sublimely useless where you see there is 00:19:45
sublimely useless where you see there is 00:19:51
sublimely useless where you see there is no room in our lives for the useless and 00:19:51
no room in our lives for the useless and 00:19:54
no room in our lives for the useless and for the purposeless in the sense of the 00:19:54
for the purposeless in the sense of the 00:19:57
for the purposeless in the sense of the word we are in serious danger of going 00:19:57
word we are in serious danger of going 00:20:00
word we are in serious danger of going completely crazy that was the original 00:20:00
completely crazy that was the original 00:20:03
completely crazy that was the original idea of Sunday the useless day the day 00:20:03
idea of Sunday the useless day the day 00:20:08
idea of Sunday the useless day the day that was timeout the day when you 00:20:08
that was timeout the day when you 00:20:10
that was timeout the day when you weren't supposed to do anything serious 00:20:10
weren't supposed to do anything serious 00:20:12
weren't supposed to do anything serious it was holiday holy day but instead our 00:20:12
it was holiday holy day but instead our 00:20:18
it was holiday holy day but instead our Sunday has been perverted and instead of 00:20:18
Sunday has been perverted and instead of 00:20:21
Sunday has been perverted and instead of being really timeout it becomes time 00:20:21
being really timeout it becomes time 00:20:24
being really timeout it becomes time instead for recreation so chill go back 00:20:24
instead for recreation so chill go back 00:20:27
instead for recreation so chill go back stronger Monday morning and for laying 00:20:27
stronger Monday morning and for laying 00:20:30
stronger Monday morning and for laying it on thick in the way of rationality 00:20:30
it on thick in the way of rationality 00:20:34
it on thick in the way of rationality and lectures on the good life 00:20:34
so you see the little paradox here it is 00:20:43
so you see the little paradox here it is 00:20:49
so you see the little paradox here it is absolutely necessary for our sanity that 00:20:49
absolutely necessary for our sanity that 00:20:52
absolutely necessary for our sanity that we should play and that we should be 00:20:52
we should play and that we should be 00:20:55
we should play and that we should be useless and be preoccupied with useless 00:20:55
useless and be preoccupied with useless 00:20:57
useless and be preoccupied with useless things from time to time but we don't do 00:20:57
things from time to time but we don't do 00:21:02
things from time to time but we don't do it if we do it because it's good for us 00:21:02
it if we do it because it's good for us 00:21:05
it if we do it because it's good for us so in the mood of play one has to get 00:21:05
so in the mood of play one has to get 00:21:10
so in the mood of play one has to get one's mind completely away from the 00:21:10
one's mind completely away from the 00:21:14
one's mind completely away from the future and the purposes of the future 00:21:14
future and the purposes of the future 00:21:17
future and the purposes of the future and get into what I would call in 00:21:17
and get into what I would call in 00:21:19
and get into what I would call in musical mood because music is supremely 00:21:19
musical mood because music is supremely 00:21:23
musical mood because music is supremely playful in that it doesn't strive for 00:21:23
playful in that it doesn't strive for 00:21:26
playful in that it doesn't strive for goals 00:21:26
goals 00:21:27
goals it fulfills itself at every moment of 00:21:27
it fulfills itself at every moment of 00:21:30
it fulfills itself at every moment of its unfolding even though it has a 00:21:30
its unfolding even though it has a 00:21:33
its unfolding even though it has a design it has patterns 00:21:33
design it has patterns 00:21:35
design it has patterns it has movements as with a symphony it 00:21:35
it has movements as with a symphony it 00:21:38
it has movements as with a symphony it has progress means as we're the working 00:21:38
has progress means as we're the working 00:21:40
has progress means as we're the working out of the pattern of a feud but always 00:21:40
out of the pattern of a feud but always 00:21:43
out of the pattern of a feud but always the point of music is to be with it as 00:21:43
the point of music is to be with it as 00:21:46
the point of music is to be with it as it unfolds because if you are you miss 00:21:46
it unfolds because if you are you miss 00:21:52
it unfolds because if you are you miss the melody you don't hear it at all and 00:21:52
the melody you don't hear it at all and 00:21:58
the melody you don't hear it at all and so then I would look upon this world as 00:21:58
so then I would look upon this world as 00:22:02
so then I would look upon this world as a musical phenomenon 00:22:02
as a game which is a kind of sublime 00:22:08
as a game which is a kind of sublime 00:22:14
as a game which is a kind of sublime nonsense 00:22:14
nonsense 00:22:16
nonsense just as when bark writes a line of 00:22:16
just as when bark writes a line of 00:22:24
just as when bark writes a line of melody it doesn't mean anything it 00:22:24
melody it doesn't mean anything it 00:22:29
melody it doesn't mean anything it doesn't tell you anything it doesn't try 00:22:29
doesn't tell you anything it doesn't try 00:22:31
doesn't tell you anything it doesn't try to imitate the thundering of horses 00:22:31
to imitate the thundering of horses 00:22:34
to imitate the thundering of horses hooves or the sound of streams or 00:22:34
hooves or the sound of streams or 00:22:38
hooves or the sound of streams or factory whistles and the uprising of the 00:22:38
factory whistles and the uprising of the 00:22:40
factory whistles and the uprising of the workers or anything like that it has no 00:22:40
workers or anything like that it has no 00:22:42
workers or anything like that it has no social message it's pure playing with 00:22:42
social message it's pure playing with 00:22:47
social message it's pure playing with sound and for this reason among others 00:22:47
sound and for this reason among others 00:22:50
sound and for this reason among others sublime 00:22:50
tell them it would appear that our whole 00:22:57
tell them it would appear that our whole 00:23:02
tell them it would appear that our whole cosmos is a colossal effusion of 00:23:02
cosmos is a colossal effusion of 00:23:06
cosmos is a colossal effusion of splendid nonsense and you can see every 00:23:06
splendid nonsense and you can see every 00:23:16
splendid nonsense and you can see every form of life insects rabbits giraffes 00:23:16
form of life insects rabbits giraffes 00:23:22
form of life insects rabbits giraffes elephants people bees flowers everything 00:23:22
elephants people bees flowers everything 00:23:27
elephants people bees flowers everything as different kinds of music in the same 00:23:27
as different kinds of music in the same 00:23:30
as different kinds of music in the same way as you get Walston maracas 00:23:30
way as you get Walston maracas 00:23:33
way as you get Walston maracas Charleston's swing every kind of musical 00:23:33
Charleston's swing every kind of musical 00:23:38
Charleston's swing every kind of musical form or dance form so in the way those 00:23:38
form or dance form so in the way those 00:23:42
form or dance form so in the way those dances differ so in the same way all 00:23:42
dances differ so in the same way all 00:23:45
dances differ so in the same way all species of life differ they are 00:23:45
species of life differ they are 00:23:48
species of life differ they are different tunes different dances and the 00:23:48
different tunes different dances and the 00:23:51
different tunes different dances and the importance of them is not to get 00:23:51
importance of them is not to get 00:23:53
importance of them is not to get somewhere because the only place you can 00:23:53
somewhere because the only place you can 00:23:56
somewhere because the only place you can get if you if you're going to go 00:23:56
get if you if you're going to go 00:23:58
get if you if you're going to go somewhere in time is a kind of a 00:23:58
somewhere in time is a kind of a 00:24:01
somewhere in time is a kind of a reproductive vicious circle we live to 00:24:01
reproductive vicious circle we live to 00:24:04
reproductive vicious circle we live to have children who all get it put in 00:24:04
have children who all get it put in 00:24:06
have children who all get it put in boxes and come out just the same and 00:24:06
boxes and come out just the same and 00:24:08
boxes and come out just the same and they've got to put their children in 00:24:08
they've got to put their children in 00:24:09
they've got to put their children in boxes and so on and so on and so on 00:24:09
boxes and so on and so on and so on 00:24:13
boxes and so on and so on and so on where we are just nothing but a lot of 00:24:13
where we are just nothing but a lot of 00:24:15
where we are just nothing but a lot of tubes a swallowing food which goes in at 00:24:15
tubes a swallowing food which goes in at 00:24:18
tubes a swallowing food which goes in at one end and out the other and that 00:24:18
one end and out the other and that 00:24:20
one end and out the other and that where's the tube out and then but the 00:24:20
where's the tube out and then but the 00:24:23
where's the tube out and then but the whole thing is to keep it going by 00:24:23
whole thing is to keep it going by 00:24:25
whole thing is to keep it going by manufacturing new tubes by reproduction 00:24:25
manufacturing new tubes by reproduction 00:24:28
manufacturing new tubes by reproduction and they'll do the same thing and so on 00:24:28
and they'll do the same thing and so on 00:24:30
and they'll do the same thing and so on and so on but the long you see as 00:24:30
and so on but the long you see as 00:24:32
and so on but the long you see as they're all thinking that the point of 00:24:32
they're all thinking that the point of 00:24:35
they're all thinking that the point of doing this is that sometime somehow 00:24:35
doing this is that sometime somehow 00:24:37
doing this is that sometime somehow somebody's got to turn up 00:24:37
they're always mr. point they will 00:24:42
they're always mr. point they will 00:24:47
they're always mr. point they will always be there rather than here it's 00:24:47
always be there rather than here it's 00:24:55
always be there rather than here it's very funny to come to California you 00:24:55
very funny to come to California you 00:24:56
very funny to come to California you know when you lived elsewhere and it's 00:24:56
know when you lived elsewhere and it's 00:24:59
know when you lived elsewhere and it's been an ideal and suddenly you wake up 00:24:59
been an ideal and suddenly you wake up 00:25:02
been an ideal and suddenly you wake up when you realize you're you're there you 00:25:02
when you realize you're you're there you 00:25:06
when you realize you're you're there you know you're on vacation you've got there 00:25:06
know you're on vacation you've got there 00:25:09
know you're on vacation you've got there and everybody else enters you and so we 00:25:09
and everybody else enters you and so we 00:25:15
and everybody else enters you and so we have to learn how to be there or rather 00:25:15
have to learn how to be there or rather 00:25:18
have to learn how to be there or rather to be here 00:25:18
of course it is always possible to 00:25:24
of course it is always possible to 00:25:27
of course it is always possible to construe the thing in another way and to 00:25:27
construe the thing in another way and to 00:25:29
construe the thing in another way and to say yes it may be a game but it's a 00:25:29
say yes it may be a game but it's a 00:25:31
say yes it may be a game but it's a ghastly game it's a grim game it's like 00:25:31
ghastly game it's a grim game it's like 00:25:34
ghastly game it's a grim game it's like a child who's caught a fly alive and is 00:25:34
a child who's caught a fly alive and is 00:25:38
a child who's caught a fly alive and is picking the wings off it the universe is 00:25:38
picking the wings off it the universe is 00:25:40
picking the wings off it the universe is that sort of scheme it's a trap it's the 00:25:40
that sort of scheme it's a trap it's the 00:25:45
that sort of scheme it's a trap it's the thing that gives you hope is always 00:25:45
thing that gives you hope is always 00:25:47
thing that gives you hope is always dangling possibilities in front of you 00:25:47
dangling possibilities in front of you 00:25:49
dangling possibilities in front of you to keep you going but then it grinds you 00:25:49
to keep you going but then it grinds you 00:25:52
to keep you going but then it grinds you up and then it revives you a little like 00:25:52
up and then it revives you a little like 00:25:55
up and then it revives you a little like a master torturer keeping a person alive 00:25:55
a master torturer keeping a person alive 00:25:58
a master torturer keeping a person alive in order to experience pain there is a 00:25:58
in order to experience pain there is a 00:26:00
in order to experience pain there is a kind of inverted mystical experience 00:26:00
kind of inverted mystical experience 00:26:02
kind of inverted mystical experience that people occasionally have where they 00:26:02
that people occasionally have where they 00:26:04
that people occasionally have where they see the whole universe as this sort of 00:26:04
see the whole universe as this sort of 00:26:07
see the whole universe as this sort of trap and everything looks crummy people 00:26:07
trap and everything looks crummy people 00:26:11
trap and everything looks crummy people look as if they're made of plastic and 00:26:11
look as if they're made of plastic and 00:26:13
look as if they're made of plastic and aren't really people but only 00:26:13
aren't really people but only 00:26:15
aren't really people but only make-believe people there are there 00:26:15
make-believe people there are there 00:26:17
make-believe people there are there mechanisms which are going yackety-yak 00:26:17
mechanisms which are going yackety-yak 00:26:19
mechanisms which are going yackety-yak and pretending that they are really 00:26:19
and pretending that they are really 00:26:20
and pretending that they are really there and alive and everything looks as 00:26:20
there and alive and everything looks as 00:26:24
there and alive and everything looks as if it were made of patent leather or 00:26:24
if it were made of patent leather or 00:26:25
if it were made of patent leather or enameled tin and just nasty dead seam 00:26:25
enameled tin and just nasty dead seam 00:26:33
enameled tin and just nasty dead seam that's the inverted mystical experience 00:26:33
that's the inverted mystical experience 00:26:36
that's the inverted mystical experience and one might ask well you could take 00:26:36
and one might ask well you could take 00:26:39
and one might ask well you could take that view too and here you come to what 00:26:39
that view too and here you come to what 00:26:43
that view too and here you come to what our bare cam you said the the 00:26:43
our bare cam you said the the 00:26:45
our bare cam you said the the fundamentally important philosophical 00:26:45
fundamentally important philosophical 00:26:47
fundamentally important philosophical question is whether or not to commit 00:26:47
question is whether or not to commit 00:26:49
question is whether or not to commit suicide now this is the this is the real 00:26:49
suicide now this is the this is the real 00:26:55
suicide now this is the this is the real question is the game worth the candle 00:26:55
if you think no then you better commit 00:27:02
if you think no then you better commit 00:27:06
if you think no then you better commit suicide 00:27:06
suicide 00:27:07
suicide that's the logical thing to do if on the 00:27:07
that's the logical thing to do if on the 00:27:11
that's the logical thing to do if on the other hand you're not sure then you 00:27:11
other hand you're not sure then you 00:27:16
other hand you're not sure then you better never better make up your mind 00:27:16
better never better make up your mind 00:27:19
better never better make up your mind because if you're going to go on with 00:27:19
because if you're going to go on with 00:27:21
because if you're going to go on with the game of life and not be sure as to 00:27:21
the game of life and not be sure as to 00:27:24
the game of life and not be sure as to whether it's really worth going on 00:27:24
whether it's really worth going on 00:27:25
whether it's really worth going on you'll make a mess of it 00:27:25
you'll make a mess of it 00:27:28
you'll make a mess of it that's quite certain it's like doing 00:27:28
that's quite certain it's like doing 00:27:31
that's quite certain it's like doing something evil they're like telling a 00:27:31
something evil they're like telling a 00:27:33
something evil they're like telling a lie if you're going to tell a lie at all 00:27:33
lie if you're going to tell a lie at all 00:27:35
lie if you're going to tell a lie at all you have to make it stick and so make it 00:27:35
you have to make it stick and so make it 00:27:39
you have to make it stick and so make it good 00:27:39
good 00:27:40
good don't rubble when you lie because 00:27:41
don't rubble when you lie because 00:27:44
don't rubble when you lie because someone will find you out and it'll all 00:27:44
someone will find you out and it'll all 00:27:47
someone will find you out and it'll all fall apart that will be worse than if 00:27:47
fall apart that will be worse than if 00:27:49
fall apart that will be worse than if you never did it so if you make up your 00:27:49
you never did it so if you make up your 00:27:52
you never did it so if you make up your mind that you're going to do something 00:27:52
mind that you're going to do something 00:27:53
mind that you're going to do something evil you have to have like a golf swing 00:27:53
evil you have to have like a golf swing 00:27:56
evil you have to have like a golf swing follow-through and so in the same way 00:27:56
follow-through and so in the same way 00:27:58
follow-through and so in the same way with going on living at all if you're 00:27:58
with going on living at all if you're 00:28:01
with going on living at all if you're going to gamble gamble and so either 00:28:01
going to gamble gamble and so either 00:28:06
going to gamble gamble and so either suicide or gamble seemed to me to be the 00:28:06
suicide or gamble seemed to me to be the 00:28:11
suicide or gamble seemed to me to be the great alternatives of this life and what 00:28:11
great alternatives of this life and what 00:28:15
great alternatives of this life and what will the gamble be the gamble or the 00:28:15
will the gamble be the gamble or the 00:28:20
will the gamble be the gamble or the gaming has to rest on the assumption 00:28:20
that this game is superb no other 00:28:27
that this game is superb no other 00:28:39
that this game is superb no other assumption will work if I may put it 00:28:39
assumption will work if I may put it 00:28:41
assumption will work if I may put it another way the game is to be trusted 00:28:41
another way the game is to be trusted 00:28:44
another way the game is to be trusted the universe you yourself it is 00:28:44
the universe you yourself it is 00:28:48
the universe you yourself it is fundamentally to be trusted and this is 00:28:48
fundamentally to be trusted and this is 00:28:51
fundamentally to be trusted and this is the act of faith which underlies all 00:28:51
the act of faith which underlies all 00:28:53
the act of faith which underlies all gambling because if you don't make that 00:28:53
gambling because if you don't make that 00:28:57
gambling because if you don't make that assumption as absolutely basic the game 00:28:57
assumption as absolutely basic the game 00:29:02
assumption as absolutely basic the game will not work now this is where one must 00:29:02
will not work now this is where one must 00:29:08
will not work now this is where one must consider game theory in relation to 00:29:08
consider game theory in relation to 00:29:12
consider game theory in relation to ethics what are the characteristics of a 00:29:12
ethics what are the characteristics of a 00:29:17
ethics what are the characteristics of a workable game a viable game as 00:29:17
workable game a viable game as 00:29:20
workable game a viable game as biologists would call it a game that is 00:29:20
biologists would call it a game that is 00:29:25
biologists would call it a game that is worth the candle first of all the game 00:29:25
worth the candle first of all the game 00:29:32
worth the candle first of all the game must involve an optimal combination of 00:29:32
must involve an optimal combination of 00:29:37
must involve an optimal combination of skill and chance or we might say order 00:29:37
skill and chance or we might say order 00:29:44
skill and chance or we might say order and randomness where a game is pure 00:29:44
and randomness where a game is pure 00:29:50
and randomness where a game is pure chance it loses interest let's just 00:29:50
chance it loses interest let's just 00:29:54
chance it loses interest let's just think of tossing coins the chances are 00:29:54
think of tossing coins the chances are 00:29:57
think of tossing coins the chances are 50/50 always that it will be either 00:29:57
50/50 always that it will be either 00:29:59
50/50 always that it will be either heads or tails and this becomes very 00:29:59
heads or tails and this becomes very 00:30:01
heads or tails and this becomes very boring one wants to treat a little to 00:30:01
boring one wants to treat a little to 00:30:04
boring one wants to treat a little to live in a dot and so introduced a bit of 00:30:04
live in a dot and so introduced a bit of 00:30:07
live in a dot and so introduced a bit of skill 00:30:07
but where a game depends on pure skill 00:30:10
but where a game depends on pure skill 00:30:13
but where a game depends on pure skill and especially a very complex kind of 00:30:13
and especially a very complex kind of 00:30:16
and especially a very complex kind of skill it becomes too tiresome so you 00:30:16
skill it becomes too tiresome so you 00:30:21
skill it becomes too tiresome so you could put it opposite ends of a spectrum 00:30:21
could put it opposite ends of a spectrum 00:30:24
could put it opposite ends of a spectrum of games say tossing coins or 00:30:24
of games say tossing coins or 00:30:27
of games say tossing coins or tic-tac-toe or something very simple 00:30:27
tic-tac-toe or something very simple 00:30:29
tic-tac-toe or something very simple which is mostly chance because 00:30:29
which is mostly chance because 00:30:32
which is mostly chance because tic-tac-toe when you know how to play it 00:30:32
tic-tac-toe when you know how to play it 00:30:34
tic-tac-toe when you know how to play it reduces itself to that you either win or 00:30:34
reduces itself to that you either win or 00:30:37
reduces itself to that you either win or draw to get the first move at the other 00:30:37
draw to get the first move at the other 00:30:41
draw to get the first move at the other end of the scale a highly complex game 00:30:41
end of the scale a highly complex game 00:30:43
end of the scale a highly complex game like well I've suggested 00:30:43
like well I've suggested 00:30:45
like well I've suggested three-dimensional chess but just imagine 00:30:45
three-dimensional chess but just imagine 00:30:47
three-dimensional chess but just imagine three-dimensional goal where you would 00:30:47
three-dimensional goal where you would 00:30:52
three-dimensional goal where you would play on eight boards to give yourself a 00:30:52
play on eight boards to give yourself a 00:30:54
play on eight boards to give yourself a cube to play or whatever a number of 00:30:54
cube to play or whatever a number of 00:30:57
cube to play or whatever a number of boards go would be more than that 00:30:57
boards go would be more than that 00:30:58
boards go would be more than that wouldn't it but you would be in such a 00:30:58
wouldn't it but you would be in such a 00:31:03
wouldn't it but you would be in such a complex thing that you just lose track 00:31:03
complex thing that you just lose track 00:31:05
complex thing that you just lose track of it eventually the game would just 00:31:05
of it eventually the game would just 00:31:10
of it eventually the game would just become totally confused for most people 00:31:10
become totally confused for most people 00:31:14
become totally confused for most people so we get optimal games in the middle 00:31:14
so we get optimal games in the middle 00:31:16
so we get optimal games in the middle like bridge or poker or checkers or 00:31:16
like bridge or poker or checkers or 00:31:20
like bridge or poker or checkers or chess where there is this interplay of 00:31:20
chess where there is this interplay of 00:31:26
chess where there is this interplay of skill and chance so we look for this 00:31:26
skill and chance so we look for this 00:31:29
skill and chance so we look for this optimal point well there is a risk there 00:31:29
optimal point well there is a risk there 00:31:34
optimal point well there is a risk there must be a risk there must be chance it 00:31:34
must be a risk there must be chance it 00:31:36
must be a risk there must be chance it mustn't all be predetermined because any 00:31:36
mustn't all be predetermined because any 00:31:40
mustn't all be predetermined because any game where the result is known is not 00:31:40
game where the result is known is not 00:31:43
game where the result is known is not worth playing that's to say when in 00:31:43
worth playing that's to say when in 00:31:46
worth playing that's to say when in chess the players suddenly realize that 00:31:46
chess the players suddenly realize that 00:31:49
chess the players suddenly realize that white is going to mate in five moves 00:31:49
white is going to mate in five moves 00:31:52
white is going to mate in five moves they abandon the game and say let's 00:31:52
they abandon the game and say let's 00:31:54
they abandon the game and say let's begin again and so in life that's why a 00:31:54
begin again and so in life that's why a 00:31:58
begin again and so in life that's why a lot of people don't like going to 00:31:58
lot of people don't like going to 00:31:59
lot of people don't like going to fortune tellers they don't want to know 00:31:59
fortune tellers they don't want to know 00:32:01
fortune tellers they don't want to know the future if I know exactly what's 00:32:01
the future if I know exactly what's 00:32:03
the future if I know exactly what's going to happen to me in a very real 00:32:03
going to happen to me in a very real 00:32:05
going to happen to me in a very real sense I've had it 00:32:05
sense I've had it 00:32:08
sense I've had it so let's finish it up and begin again 00:32:08
so let's finish it up and begin again 00:32:11
so let's finish it up and begin again turning the check but you see the whole 00:32:11
turning the check but you see the whole 00:32:15
turning the check but you see the whole fun of the situation of a game is that 00:32:15
fun of the situation of a game is that 00:32:17
fun of the situation of a game is that you don't know the outcome and that's 00:32:17
you don't know the outcome and that's 00:32:19
you don't know the outcome and that's why it's worth play so now this is one 00:32:19
why it's worth play so now this is one 00:32:29
why it's worth play so now this is one characteristic of a viable game a 00:32:29
characteristic of a viable game a 00:32:31
characteristic of a viable game a certain combination of skill and chance 00:32:31
certain combination of skill and chance 00:32:35
certain combination of skill and chance now there's another which is of a much 00:32:35
now there's another which is of a much 00:32:39
now there's another which is of a much more ethical type and that is 00:32:39
I will call it trusting the game because 00:32:47
I will call it trusting the game because 00:32:52
I will call it trusting the game because if you don't do this in other words if 00:32:52
if you don't do this in other words if 00:32:55
if you don't do this in other words if you won't gamble you won't play and here 00:32:55
you won't gamble you won't play and here 00:33:01
you won't gamble you won't play and here is the point of the necessity of the 00:33:01
is the point of the necessity of the 00:33:03
is the point of the necessity of the gamble that corresponds a little bit to 00:33:03
gamble that corresponds a little bit to 00:33:06
gamble that corresponds a little bit to the necessity of having chance as well 00:33:06
the necessity of having chance as well 00:33:10
the necessity of having chance as well as skill in any game that really works 00:33:10
as skill in any game that really works 00:33:14
as skill in any game that really works but the necessity of gambling is very 00:33:14
but the necessity of gambling is very 00:33:20
but the necessity of gambling is very much overlooked I think in content our 00:33:20
much overlooked I think in content our 00:33:23
much overlooked I think in content our contemporary culture because this is a 00:33:23
contemporary culture because this is a 00:33:26
contemporary culture because this is a culture where we are trying as much as 00:33:26
culture where we are trying as much as 00:33:29
culture where we are trying as much as possible to take the risk out of things 00:33:29
possible to take the risk out of things 00:33:33
possible to take the risk out of things and when the risk is taken out of human 00:33:33
and when the risk is taken out of human 00:33:38
and when the risk is taken out of human relationships they become impossible we 00:33:38
relationships they become impossible we 00:33:44
relationships they become impossible we have I think in the United States a very 00:33:44
have I think in the United States a very 00:33:46
have I think in the United States a very naive faith in law and in law 00:33:46
naive faith in law and in law 00:33:50
naive faith in law and in law enforcement we're always saying there 00:33:50
enforcement we're always saying there 00:33:53
enforcement we're always saying there ought to be a law against it as if law 00:33:53
ought to be a law against it as if law 00:33:56
ought to be a law against it as if law could solve things and we don't realize 00:33:56
could solve things and we don't realize 00:33:59
could solve things and we don't realize the extent to which law makes life 00:33:59
the extent to which law makes life 00:34:02
the extent to which law makes life increasingly more difficult because law 00:34:02
increasingly more difficult because law 00:34:08
increasingly more difficult because law is simply a process of trying to define 00:34:08
is simply a process of trying to define 00:34:12
is simply a process of trying to define what may be done and what may not be 00:34:12
what may be done and what may not be 00:34:14
what may be done and what may not be done but the moment you start talking 00:34:14
done but the moment you start talking 00:34:17
done but the moment you start talking the definitions become increasingly 00:34:17
the definitions become increasingly 00:34:20
the definitions become increasingly complicated and lawyers love this they 00:34:20
complicated and lawyers love this they 00:34:24
complicated and lawyers love this they live on it 00:34:24
live on it 00:34:26
live on it so it's always an interminable 00:34:26
so it's always an interminable 00:34:29
so it's always an interminable discussion of what did they mean when 00:34:29
discussion of what did they mean when 00:34:32
discussion of what did they mean when they said that what was the intent of 00:34:32
they said that what was the intent of 00:34:35
they said that what was the intent of this law and as laws multiplied with the 00:34:35
this law and as laws multiplied with the 00:34:40
this law and as laws multiplied with the about object of protecting us from each 00:34:40
about object of protecting us from each 00:34:43
about object of protecting us from each other they do not so much succeed in 00:34:43
other they do not so much succeed in 00:34:48
other they do not so much succeed in protecting us as they do in making it 00:34:48
protecting us as they do in making it 00:34:51
protecting us as they do in making it impossible for us to act and so the 00:34:51
impossible for us to act and so the 00:34:56
impossible for us to act and so the ultimate police state is the course the 00:34:56
ultimate police state is the course the 00:34:59
ultimate police state is the course the safe state the security state where 00:34:59
safe state the security state where 00:35:04
safe state the security state where everybody is checked and you see what 00:35:04
everybody is checked and you see what 00:35:07
everybody is checked and you see what this is mechanically speaking it's the 00:35:07
this is mechanically speaking it's the 00:35:10
this is mechanically speaking it's the system of very elaborate 00:35:10
system of very elaborate 00:35:12
system of very elaborate self-consciousness see when you get 00:35:12
self-consciousness see when you get 00:35:16
self-consciousness see when you get self-conscious and you watch everything 00:35:16
self-conscious and you watch everything 00:35:17
self-conscious and you watch everything you do because you are anxious about 00:35:17
you do because you are anxious about 00:35:20
you do because you are anxious about making a mistake you'll find in that 00:35:20
making a mistake you'll find in that 00:35:23
making a mistake you'll find in that you're all tied up and you can't act so 00:35:23
you're all tied up and you can't act so 00:35:29
you're all tied up and you can't act so in exactly the same way a community of 00:35:29
in exactly the same way a community of 00:35:31
in exactly the same way a community of people which is always watching itself 00:35:31
people which is always watching itself 00:35:34
people which is always watching itself through its agents so that you know in a 00:35:34
through its agents so that you know in a 00:35:38
through its agents so that you know in a Nazi state they're not only the ordinary 00:35:38
Nazi state they're not only the ordinary 00:35:39
Nazi state they're not only the ordinary policeman on the beat but it is a block 00:35:39
policeman on the beat but it is a block 00:35:41
policeman on the beat but it is a block captain for every area and there's a 00:35:41
captain for every area and there's a 00:35:43
captain for every area and there's a some kind of a of a sneak or a traitor 00:35:43
some kind of a of a sneak or a traitor 00:35:47
some kind of a of a sneak or a traitor who's going to inform the authorities 00:35:47
who's going to inform the authorities 00:35:50
who's going to inform the authorities everywhere you see hidden so this 00:35:50
everywhere you see hidden so this 00:35:53
everywhere you see hidden so this community is watching itself all the 00:35:53
community is watching itself all the 00:35:55
community is watching itself all the time because it's a community that 00:35:55
time because it's a community that 00:35:57
time because it's a community that doesn't trust itself and a community 00:35:57
doesn't trust itself and a community 00:36:01
doesn't trust itself and a community which constantly watches itself is like 00:36:01
which constantly watches itself is like 00:36:03
which constantly watches itself is like a person who's always watching himself 00:36:03
a person who's always watching himself 00:36:05
a person who's always watching himself and holding a table over his head to go 00:36:05
and holding a table over his head to go 00:36:09
and holding a table over his head to go clunk the minute he might be in danger 00:36:09
clunk the minute he might be in danger 00:36:12
clunk the minute he might be in danger of doing something wrong and so this 00:36:12
of doing something wrong and so this 00:36:16
of doing something wrong and so this person is like this if I say now my 00:36:16
person is like this if I say now my 00:36:21
person is like this if I say now my right hand is my main active hand and ah 00:36:21
right hand is my main active hand and ah 00:36:25
right hand is my main active hand and ah but I don't know that I can trust it I 00:36:25
but I don't know that I can trust it I 00:36:27
but I don't know that I can trust it I don't know what it's going to do so I've 00:36:27
don't know what it's going to do so I've 00:36:30
don't know what it's going to do so I've got to keep control on it with my left 00:36:30
got to keep control on it with my left 00:36:32
got to keep control on it with my left hand see 00:36:32
hand see 00:36:35
hand see so always the left hand is controlling 00:36:35
so always the left hand is controlling 00:36:37
so always the left hand is controlling the right hand whatever if I want to 00:36:37
the right hand whatever if I want to 00:36:39
the right hand whatever if I want to pick something up the left hand would 00:36:39
pick something up the left hand would 00:36:41
pick something up the left hand would have to push the right hand down and 00:36:41
have to push the right hand down and 00:36:42
have to push the right hand down and squeeze the fingers together and then 00:36:42
squeeze the fingers together and then 00:36:45
squeeze the fingers together and then lift it out said it will come up see 00:36:45
lift it out said it will come up see 00:36:47
lift it out said it will come up see I've lost a hand by doing that and so in 00:36:47
I've lost a hand by doing that and so in 00:36:51
I've lost a hand by doing that and so in exactly the same way when any community 00:36:51
exactly the same way when any community 00:36:53
exactly the same way when any community of people is founded on mutual mistrust 00:36:53
of people is founded on mutual mistrust 00:36:57
of people is founded on mutual mistrust it sort of loses half of itself it 00:36:57
it sort of loses half of itself it 00:37:01
it sort of loses half of itself it becomes clutched up it becomes paralyzed 00:37:01
becomes clutched up it becomes paralyzed 00:37:04
becomes clutched up it becomes paralyzed and unable to move so the basis of any 00:37:04
and unable to move so the basis of any 00:37:10
and unable to move so the basis of any community and thus the basis of any game 00:37:10
community and thus the basis of any game 00:37:15
community and thus the basis of any game is the act of faith that I will gamble 00:37:15
is the act of faith that I will gamble 00:37:21
is the act of faith that I will gamble I will bet my life on this scene and you 00:37:21
I will bet my life on this scene and you 00:37:27
I will bet my life on this scene and you see that also is fundamentally not only 00:37:27
see that also is fundamentally not only 00:37:30
see that also is fundamentally not only the attitude of faith but it's the 00:37:30
the attitude of faith but it's the 00:37:32
the attitude of faith but it's the attitude of love love is self giving 00:37:32
attitude of love love is self giving 00:37:37
attitude of love love is self giving when you love someone say you fall in 00:37:37
when you love someone say you fall in 00:37:40
when you love someone say you fall in love with a member of your opposite sex 00:37:40
love with a member of your opposite sex 00:37:42
love with a member of your opposite sex or whatever and you got mixed up with 00:37:42
or whatever and you got mixed up with 00:37:44
or whatever and you got mixed up with someone now you've really committed 00:37:44
someone now you've really committed 00:37:47
someone now you've really committed yourself to heaven only knows what 00:37:47
yourself to heaven only knows what 00:37:50
yourself to heaven only knows what because love is a letting go of direct 00:37:50
because love is a letting go of direct 00:37:56
because love is a letting go of direct control and you might say going back 00:37:56
control and you might say going back 00:38:04
control and you might say going back again to the Christian images of God 00:38:04
again to the Christian images of God 00:38:07
again to the Christian images of God that God creates the world by constantly 00:38:07
that God creates the world by constantly 00:38:11
that God creates the world by constantly disappearing giving himself away this 00:38:11
disappearing giving himself away this 00:38:14
disappearing giving himself away this the Hindu would agree with this too that 00:38:14
the Hindu would agree with this too that 00:38:16
the Hindu would agree with this too that insofar as everyone here is God in 00:38:16
insofar as everyone here is God in 00:38:19
insofar as everyone here is God in disguise but doesn't know it this is 00:38:19
disguise but doesn't know it this is 00:38:24
disguise but doesn't know it this is because you as God are constantly giving 00:38:24
because you as God are constantly giving 00:38:27
because you as God are constantly giving yourself away to you and feeling lost 00:38:27
yourself away to you and feeling lost 00:38:31
yourself away to you and feeling lost you know how did I get mixed up in this 00:38:31
you know how did I get mixed up in this 00:38:33
you know how did I get mixed up in this world well unbeknownst to myself I made 00:38:33
world well unbeknownst to myself I made 00:38:37
world well unbeknownst to myself I made a gamble on being this person 00:38:37
a gamble on being this person 00:38:42
a gamble on being this person and so this giving of oneself away is 00:38:42
and so this giving of oneself away is 00:38:45
and so this giving of oneself away is what's called the Divine Love so then in 00:38:45
what's called the Divine Love so then in 00:38:50
what's called the Divine Love so then in playing the game if you don't make the 00:38:50
playing the game if you don't make the 00:38:54
playing the game if you don't make the assumption that I can let go of myself 00:38:54
assumption that I can let go of myself 00:38:58
assumption that I can let go of myself in the act of faith and in the act of 00:38:58
in the act of faith and in the act of 00:39:00
in the act of faith and in the act of love you may just as well commit suicide 00:39:00
love you may just as well commit suicide 00:39:02
love you may just as well commit suicide right now because you can't play it on 00:39:02
right now because you can't play it on 00:39:06
right now because you can't play it on any other basis than that any attempt to 00:39:06
any other basis than that any attempt to 00:39:10
any other basis than that any attempt to do so will merely make the whole thing 00:39:10
do so will merely make the whole thing 00:39:11
do so will merely make the whole thing touch up and become insupportable and 00:39:11
touch up and become insupportable and 00:39:14
touch up and become insupportable and will in any case be suicide 00:39:14
will in any case be suicide 00:39:18
will in any case be suicide see when we get the ultimate weapon with 00:39:18
see when we get the ultimate weapon with 00:39:23
see when we get the ultimate weapon with which we know we can be safe because 00:39:23
which we know we can be safe because 00:39:24
which we know we can be safe because nobody else has it just because we 00:39:24
nobody else has it just because we 00:39:30
nobody else has it just because we wanted to get that ultimate safety and 00:39:30
wanted to get that ultimate safety and 00:39:32
wanted to get that ultimate safety and get that ultimate weapon to defeat our 00:39:32
get that ultimate weapon to defeat our 00:39:35
get that ultimate weapon to defeat our enemies it will be suicide 00:39:35
because life really is not the avoidance 00:39:42
because life really is not the avoidance 00:39:47
because life really is not the avoidance of death that it death is the avoidance 00:39:47
of death that it death is the avoidance 00:39:50
of death that it death is the avoidance of death the constant terror of death 00:39:50
of death the constant terror of death 00:39:52
of death the constant terror of death the constant putting it on the constant 00:39:52
the constant putting it on the constant 00:39:55
the constant putting it on the constant vigilance that one will not die that is 00:39:55
vigilance that one will not die that is 00:39:58
vigilance that one will not die that is death what we call life is fundamentally 00:39:58
death what we call life is fundamentally 00:40:04
death what we call life is fundamentally willingness to die constant jumping of 00:40:04
willingness to die constant jumping of 00:40:10
willingness to die constant jumping of being into not being so long as you do 00:40:10
being into not being so long as you do 00:40:14
being into not being so long as you do that it goes on so so long as you shake 00:40:14
that it goes on so so long as you shake 00:40:18
that it goes on so so long as you shake the dice and you don't know how they're 00:40:18
the dice and you don't know how they're 00:40:19
the dice and you don't know how they're going to come out and flip if the game 00:40:19
going to come out and flip if the game 00:40:21
going to come out and flip if the game goes on you see so long as you take a 00:40:21
goes on you see so long as you take a 00:40:24
goes on you see so long as you take a chance 00:40:24
chance 00:40:25
chance now then extensible people say of course 00:40:25
now then extensible people say of course 00:40:29
now then extensible people say of course that's that's a very imprudent attitude 00:40:29
that's that's a very imprudent attitude 00:40:32
that's that's a very imprudent attitude because you can't be sure first of all 00:40:32
because you can't be sure first of all 00:40:36
because you can't be sure first of all you can't trust other people there are 00:40:36
you can't trust other people there are 00:40:38
you can't trust other people there are some nice people but most of them are 00:40:38
some nice people but most of them are 00:40:40
some nice people but most of them are Rascals it's not it's not wise and 00:40:40
Rascals it's not it's not wise and 00:40:44
Rascals it's not it's not wise and furthermore you can't trust yourself 00:40:44
furthermore you can't trust yourself 00:40:47
furthermore you can't trust yourself underneath the thin veneer of 00:40:47
underneath the thin veneer of 00:40:49
underneath the thin veneer of civilization you have an unconscious and 00:40:49
civilization you have an unconscious and 00:40:53
civilization you have an unconscious and as Freud has told us this unconscious is 00:40:53
as Freud has told us this unconscious is 00:40:57
as Freud has told us this unconscious is libidinous and it's a blind urge of pure 00:40:57
libidinous and it's a blind urge of pure 00:41:02
libidinous and it's a blind urge of pure animal lust and rage and fear and so 00:41:02
animal lust and rage and fear and so 00:41:09
animal lust and rage and fear and so watch out for yourself you're a you're a 00:41:09
watch out for yourself you're a you're a 00:41:10
watch out for yourself you're a you're a dreadful animal only to just barely 00:41:10
dreadful animal only to just barely 00:41:14
dreadful animal only to just barely disciplined and said to be human now 00:41:14
disciplined and said to be human now 00:41:19
disciplined and said to be human now it's true of course that a lot of people 00:41:19
it's true of course that a lot of people 00:41:22
it's true of course that a lot of people can't be trusted and that so far as 00:41:22
can't be trusted and that so far as 00:41:25
can't be trusted and that so far as oneself is concerned every one of us has 00:41:25
oneself is concerned every one of us has 00:41:27
oneself is concerned every one of us has in us what the hebrews called the yet 00:41:27
in us what the hebrews called the yet 00:41:30
in us what the hebrews called the yet sahara they say that God made it and put 00:41:30
sahara they say that God made it and put 00:41:33
sahara they say that God made it and put it there 00:41:33
it there 00:41:33
it there the yet Sahara is the perverse spirit I 00:41:33
the yet Sahara is the perverse spirit I 00:41:36
the yet Sahara is the perverse spirit I call it the element of irreducible 00:41:36
call it the element of irreducible 00:41:38
call it the element of irreducible rascality 00:41:38
rascality 00:41:41
rascality we all have that but in the wisdom of 00:41:41
we all have that but in the wisdom of 00:41:49
we all have that but in the wisdom of that great moral philosopher Confucius 00:41:49
that great moral philosopher Confucius 00:41:52
that great moral philosopher Confucius he included this element of rascality in 00:41:52
he included this element of rascality in 00:41:56
he included this element of rascality in his definition of human heartedness that 00:41:56
his definition of human heartedness that 00:42:00
his definition of human heartedness that he put as the crown of all the virtues 00:42:00
he put as the crown of all the virtues 00:42:03
he put as the crown of all the virtues it isn't the word in Chinese is often 00:42:03
it isn't the word in Chinese is often 00:42:08
it isn't the word in Chinese is often translated humane Ness 00:42:08
translated humane Ness 00:42:11
translated humane Ness but it means a good deal more than that 00:42:11
but it means a good deal more than that 00:42:13
but it means a good deal more than that it means being like a human being that 00:42:13
it means being like a human being that 00:42:18
it means being like a human being that is to say a complete man a woman which 00:42:18
is to say a complete man a woman which 00:42:22
is to say a complete man a woman which includes the angel as well as the animal 00:42:22
includes the angel as well as the animal 00:42:26
includes the angel as well as the animal reason and the passions and all those 00:42:26
reason and the passions and all those 00:42:30
reason and the passions and all those aspects of us indeed the great triumph 00:42:31
aspects of us indeed the great triumph 00:42:35
aspects of us indeed the great triumph of humanity is to be able to be both 00:42:35
of humanity is to be able to be both 00:42:40
of humanity is to be able to be both angel and devil both reasonable and 00:42:40
angel and devil both reasonable and 00:42:44
angel and devil both reasonable and passionate both mystic and sense duelist 00:42:44
for he felt you see that the this 00:42:50
for he felt you see that the this 00:42:53
for he felt you see that the this peculiar combination was the whole 00:42:53
peculiar combination was the whole 00:42:59
peculiar combination was the whole beauty of human beings and he would 00:42:59
beauty of human beings and he would 00:43:02
beauty of human beings and he would trust that humane 'less or that human 00:43:02
trust that humane 'less or that human 00:43:05
trust that humane 'less or that human heartedness he would put more reliance 00:43:05
heartedness he would put more reliance 00:43:07
heartedness he would put more reliance on that than he would on virtues 00:43:07
on that than he would on virtues 00:43:10
on that than he would on virtues righteousness programmed behavior and 00:43:10
righteousness programmed behavior and 00:43:15
righteousness programmed behavior and this is a very wise attitude it doesn't 00:43:15
this is a very wise attitude it doesn't 00:43:19
this is a very wise attitude it doesn't you see only the goodness in human 00:43:19
you see only the goodness in human 00:43:20
you see only the goodness in human beings that is to be trusted they are 00:43:20
beings that is to be trusted they are 00:43:23
beings that is to be trusted they are also to be trusted to be a little bad 00:43:23
also to be trusted to be a little bad 00:43:26
also to be trusted to be a little bad they're to be trusted to be selfish 00:43:26
they're to be trusted to be selfish 00:43:28
they're to be trusted to be selfish because you know a person who is not 00:43:28
because you know a person who is not 00:43:31
because you know a person who is not frank about selfishness is a big 00:43:31
frank about selfishness is a big 00:43:33
frank about selfishness is a big troublemaker you may go into a situation 00:43:33
troublemaker you may go into a situation 00:43:38
troublemaker you may go into a situation with high ideals and say I promised this 00:43:38
with high ideals and say I promised this 00:43:43
with high ideals and say I promised this I promise that I promise the other thing 00:43:43
I promise that I promise the other thing 00:43:45
I promise that I promise the other thing I will be true I will knock myself out 00:43:45
I will be true I will knock myself out 00:43:47
I will be true I will knock myself out to achieve this but the reason you said 00:43:47
to achieve this but the reason you said 00:43:49
to achieve this but the reason you said it was to put on a good front at the 00:43:49
it was to put on a good front at the 00:43:51
it was to put on a good front at the moment and all 00:43:51
moment and all 00:43:53
moment and all to square yourself with your own 00:43:53
to square yourself with your own 00:43:55
to square yourself with your own conscience you think well I would I 00:43:55
conscience you think well I would I 00:43:58
conscience you think well I would I really ought to be that kind of person 00:43:58
really ought to be that kind of person 00:43:59
really ought to be that kind of person and I'm going to commit myself to being 00:43:59
and I'm going to commit myself to being 00:44:03
and I'm going to commit myself to being that and in that moment you have grossly 00:44:03
that and in that moment you have grossly 00:44:05
that and in that moment you have grossly deceived those who depend on you why 00:44:06
deceived those who depend on you why 00:44:11
deceived those who depend on you why because even if you keep your work I I 00:44:11
because even if you keep your work I I 00:44:14
because even if you keep your work I I will have the really crank and David 00:44:14
will have the really crank and David 00:44:16
will have the really crank and David Mitchell on and this has been the 00:44:16
Mitchell on and this has been the 00:44:19
Mitchell on and this has been the station of the nation the fun ninety-one 00:44:19
station of the nation the fun ninety-one 00:44:21
station of the nation the fun ninety-one WMU East Orange WX h d Mount Hope heard 00:44:21
WMU East Orange WX h d Mount Hope heard 00:44:25
WMU East Orange WX h d Mount Hope heard worldwide on the Internet at 00:44:25
[Music] 00:44:31
and it's six o'clock and this is WF mue 00:44:42
and it's six o'clock and this is WF mue 00:44:47
and it's six o'clock and this is WF mue stars of u x HD Mount Hope and welcome 00:44:47
stars of u x HD Mount Hope and welcome 00:44:52
stars of u x HD Mount Hope and welcome to the Alan Watts lecture series tonight 00:44:52
to the Alan Watts lecture series tonight 00:44:54
to the Alan Watts lecture series tonight we have a much-anticipated 00:44:54
we have a much-anticipated 00:44:55
we have a much-anticipated lecture the game theory of ethics if you 00:44:55
lecture the game theory of ethics if you 00:44:59
lecture the game theory of ethics if you want some more information and a 00:44:59
want some more information and a 00:45:00
want some more information and a schedule here send a self-addressed 00:45:00
schedule here send a self-addressed 00:45:01
schedule here send a self-addressed stamped envelope to W F mu care of Alan 00:45:01
stamped envelope to W F mu care of Alan 00:45:04
stamped envelope to W F mu care of Alan Watts P o box to zero one one Jersey 00:45:04
Watts P o box to zero one one Jersey 00:45:06
Watts P o box to zero one one Jersey City New Jersey zero seven three zero 00:45:06
City New Jersey zero seven three zero 00:45:08
City New Jersey zero seven three zero three or email WF mu @ WF mu dot o-r-g 00:45:08
three or email WF mu @ WF mu dot o-r-g 00:45:12
three or email WF mu @ WF mu dot o-r-g and now we're going to hear the electric 00:45:12
and now we're going to hear the electric 00:45:15
and now we're going to hear the electric game theory of ethics by Alan Watts I 00:45:15
game theory of ethics by Alan Watts I 00:45:21
game theory of ethics by Alan Watts I was putting forward cells to have all my 00:45:21
was putting forward cells to have all my 00:45:27
was putting forward cells to have all my cards on the table what my metaphysics 00:45:27
cards on the table what my metaphysics 00:45:30
cards on the table what my metaphysics are that is to say what are the basic 00:45:30
are that is to say what are the basic 00:45:34
are that is to say what are the basic assumptions from which I approach this 00:45:34
assumptions from which I approach this 00:45:37
assumptions from which I approach this question and I stress two points in 00:45:37
question and I stress two points in 00:45:41
question and I stress two points in particular number one that as I feel 00:45:42
particular number one that as I feel 00:45:47
particular number one that as I feel this universe 00:45:47
I think we are under an illusion with 00:45:52
I think we are under an illusion with 00:45:57
I think we are under an illusion with regard to the nature of ourselves this 00:45:57
regard to the nature of ourselves this 00:46:04
regard to the nature of ourselves this arises from the superstition that there 00:46:04
arises from the superstition that there 00:46:11
arises from the superstition that there are really separate things and events 00:46:11
are really separate things and events 00:46:15
are really separate things and events and I pointed out that that is actually 00:46:15
and I pointed out that that is actually 00:46:19
and I pointed out that that is actually a way of thinking rather than a state of 00:46:19
a way of thinking rather than a state of 00:46:25
a way of thinking rather than a state of affairs in the physical universe in 00:46:25
affairs in the physical universe in 00:46:30
affairs in the physical universe in order to think one must thing that is to 00:46:30
order to think one must thing that is to 00:46:35
order to think one must thing that is to say divide this astonishing cosmic 00:46:35
say divide this astonishing cosmic 00:46:39
say divide this astonishing cosmic Rorschach blot into bits and give the 00:46:39
Rorschach blot into bits and give the 00:46:45
Rorschach blot into bits and give the bits names this is a kind of calculus 00:46:45
bits names this is a kind of calculus 00:46:49
bits names this is a kind of calculus and we break the world down into these 00:46:49
and we break the world down into these 00:46:53
and we break the world down into these separate things and separate events 00:46:53
separate things and separate events 00:46:57
separate things and separate events they're really thing events you might 00:46:57
they're really thing events you might 00:46:58
they're really thing events you might call them in order to calculate about it 00:46:59
call them in order to calculate about it 00:47:02
call them in order to calculate about it in order to describe its behavior in 00:47:02
in order to describe its behavior in 00:47:06
in order to describe its behavior in order to think 00:47:06
and but just as something that costs $5 00:47:10
and but just as something that costs $5 00:47:13
and but just as something that costs $5 if you buy a loaf of bread or a let's 00:47:13
if you buy a loaf of bread or a let's 00:47:20
if you buy a loaf of bread or a let's say wouldn't be $5 and say 50 cents 00:47:20
say wouldn't be $5 and say 50 cents 00:47:23
say wouldn't be $5 and say 50 cents it isn't 50 separate things that you buy 00:47:23
it isn't 50 separate things that you buy 00:47:26
it isn't 50 separate things that you buy although you pay 50 cents for it and so 00:47:26
although you pay 50 cents for it and so 00:47:30
although you pay 50 cents for it and so in the same way when we talk about the 00:47:30
in the same way when we talk about the 00:47:33
in the same way when we talk about the multiplicity of things in this universe 00:47:33
multiplicity of things in this universe 00:47:36
multiplicity of things in this universe this is just a way of measuring it 00:47:36
this is just a way of measuring it 00:47:39
this is just a way of measuring it measuring it with words as you measure 00:47:39
measuring it with words as you measure 00:47:42
measuring it with words as you measure the value of something with money or the 00:47:42
the value of something with money or the 00:47:44
the value of something with money or the length of something with inches but we 00:47:44
length of something with inches but we 00:47:50
length of something with inches but we are so accustomed to so I would say 00:47:50
are so accustomed to so I would say 00:47:57
are so accustomed to so I would say hypnotized by the usefulness of thought 00:47:57
hypnotized by the usefulness of thought 00:48:01
hypnotized by the usefulness of thought that we come to imagine that the way the 00:48:01
that we come to imagine that the way the 00:48:04
that we come to imagine that the way the world is thinked is the way it's themed 00:48:04
world is thinked is the way it's themed 00:48:08
world is thinked is the way it's themed is the way it really is but I rather see 00:48:08
is the way it really is but I rather see 00:48:15
is the way it really is but I rather see it as a continuous process a single vast 00:48:15
it as a continuous process a single vast 00:48:20
it as a continuous process a single vast field of activity a single pattern of 00:48:20
field of activity a single pattern of 00:48:25
field of activity a single pattern of which every single one of us is an 00:48:25
which every single one of us is an 00:48:27
which every single one of us is an expression 00:48:27
but when you think about say a series of 00:48:31
but when you think about say a series of 00:48:36
but when you think about say a series of events as being separate events if the 00:48:36
events as being separate events if the 00:48:40
events as being separate events if the result of a kind of myopia if you watch 00:48:40
result of a kind of myopia if you watch 00:48:45
result of a kind of myopia if you watch through some something going on through 00:48:45
through some something going on through 00:48:49
through some something going on through a narrow slit you see the event broken 00:48:49
a narrow slit you see the event broken 00:48:53
a narrow slit you see the event broken down into bits and you see dead 00:48:53
down into bits and you see dead 00:48:58
down into bits and you see dead following bit whereas if the crack were 00:48:58
following bit whereas if the crack were 00:49:02
following bit whereas if the crack were enlarged you would see that the separate 00:49:02
enlarged you would see that the separate 00:49:05
enlarged you would see that the separate bits were all one event so in much the 00:49:05
bits were all one event so in much the 00:49:09
bits were all one event so in much the same way our custom of attending to our 00:49:09
same way our custom of attending to our 00:49:13
same way our custom of attending to our experience with concentrated attention 00:49:13
experience with concentrated attention 00:49:17
experience with concentrated attention cuts it down into things we call 00:49:17
cuts it down into things we call 00:49:21
cuts it down into things we call separate events the other basis of my 00:49:21
separate events the other basis of my 00:49:26
separate events the other basis of my metaphysics was that we tend to ignore 00:49:27
metaphysics was that we tend to ignore 00:49:32
metaphysics was that we tend to ignore the very of the world that is to say 00:49:32
the very of the world that is to say 00:49:37
the very of the world that is to say utterly irreconcilable ideas and in such 00:49:37
utterly irreconcilable ideas and in such 00:49:41
utterly irreconcilable ideas and in such a fight there can be no quarter there 00:49:41
a fight there can be no quarter there 00:49:44
a fight there can be no quarter there can be no quarter between good and evil 00:49:44
can be no quarter between good and evil 00:49:46
can be no quarter between good and evil because as defined they're mutually 00:49:46
because as defined they're mutually 00:49:49
because as defined they're mutually exclusive but when people fight each 00:49:49
exclusive but when people fight each 00:49:51
exclusive but when people fight each other they are not good they are not 00:49:51
other they are not good they are not 00:49:54
other they are not good they are not evil there are people and that is why 00:49:54
evil there are people and that is why 00:49:57
evil there are people and that is why the wisdom in settling quarrels is 00:49:57
the wisdom in settling quarrels is 00:50:03
the wisdom in settling quarrels is always a matter of compromise that's why 00:50:03
always a matter of compromise that's why 00:50:07
always a matter of compromise that's why a good confusion always settles disputes 00:50:07
a good confusion always settles disputes 00:50:11
a good confusion always settles disputes out of court because somebody eventually 00:50:11
out of court because somebody eventually 00:50:15
out of court because somebody eventually says oh come off it 00:50:15
says oh come off it 00:50:17
says oh come off it look we are both Rascals and they let be 00:50:17
look we are both Rascals and they let be 00:50:21
look we are both Rascals and they let be honor among thieves and that's the 00:50:21
honor among thieves and that's the 00:50:25
honor among thieves and that's the spirit you know that's the real spirit 00:50:25
spirit you know that's the real spirit 00:50:27
spirit you know that's the real spirit of repentance not that you say some 00:50:27
of repentance not that you say some 00:50:31
of repentance not that you say some idiot notion that you're going to turn 00:50:31
idiot notion that you're going to turn 00:50:33
idiot notion that you're going to turn over a new leaf 00:50:33
over a new leaf 00:50:34
over a new leaf and kid yourself into the idea that 00:50:34
and kid yourself into the idea that 00:50:36
and kid yourself into the idea that you'll never do a thing like that again 00:50:36
you'll never do a thing like that again 00:50:37
you'll never do a thing like that again you know very well you will 00:50:37
true repentance is to admit in all 00:50:41
true repentance is to admit in all 00:50:44
true repentance is to admit in all humility to see that you are not a saint 00:50:44
humility to see that you are not a saint 00:50:46
humility to see that you are not a saint and therefore you better not go fooling 00:50:46
and therefore you better not go fooling 00:50:49
and therefore you better not go fooling people that you are because they will 00:50:49
people that you are because they will 00:50:51
people that you are because they will rely on you and then be disappointed so 00:50:51
rely on you and then be disappointed so 00:50:56
rely on you and then be disappointed so then this is basic trust in yourself not 00:50:56
then this is basic trust in yourself not 00:51:05
then this is basic trust in yourself not as a integrated mature person not as a 00:51:05
as a integrated mature person not as a 00:51:11
as a integrated mature person not as a responsible citizen but as a human being 00:51:11
responsible citizen but as a human being 00:51:15
responsible citizen but as a human being with your light side and with your dark 00:51:15
with your light side and with your dark 00:51:18
with your light side and with your dark side with your outgoing affection as 00:51:18
side with your outgoing affection as 00:51:21
side with your outgoing affection as well as your in going self affection 00:51:21
well as your in going self affection 00:51:24
well as your in going self affection both must be there 00:51:24
now you see them because of this as I 00:51:29
now you see them because of this as I 00:51:33
now you see them because of this as I said there will always be the risk that 00:51:33
although you gambled you went you may 00:51:39
although you gambled you went you may 00:51:41
although you gambled you went you may not always win in fact you may lose your 00:51:41
not always win in fact you may lose your 00:51:45
not always win in fact you may lose your shirt but that's the risk one takes life 00:51:45
shirt but that's the risk one takes life 00:51:54
shirt but that's the risk one takes life is taking the risk of death and if you 00:51:54
is taking the risk of death and if you 00:51:58
is taking the risk of death and if you don't take it you don't go anywhere 00:51:58
don't take it you don't go anywhere 00:52:00
don't take it you don't go anywhere you don't even step into your car 00:52:00
so that although there will be mistakes 00:52:07
so that although there will be mistakes 00:52:11
so that although there will be mistakes although you may lose your shirt 00:52:11
although you may lose your shirt 00:52:13
although you may lose your shirt the alternative to making this gamble 00:52:13
is total loss of freedom I would say 00:52:21
is total loss of freedom I would say 00:52:27
is total loss of freedom I would say total gravity total seriousness no gain 00:52:27
total gravity total seriousness no gain 00:52:31
total gravity total seriousness no gain that's why all kind of as extra square I 00:52:31
that's why all kind of as extra square I 00:52:36
that's why all kind of as extra square I would say cubic personalities are very 00:52:36
would say cubic personalities are very 00:52:40
would say cubic personalities are very very serious you know policemen and 00:52:40
very serious you know policemen and 00:52:45
very serious you know policemen and soldiers and people like that always 00:52:45
soldiers and people like that always 00:52:48
soldiers and people like that always very gruff because that role is expected 00:52:48
very gruff because that role is expected 00:52:55
very gruff because that role is expected on but when you carry seriousness to its 00:52:55
on but when you carry seriousness to its 00:53:02
on but when you carry seriousness to its full extent you've got a cosmic jail and 00:53:02
full extent you've got a cosmic jail and 00:53:06
full extent you've got a cosmic jail and who is prisoner who is water same fellow 00:53:06
but he doesn't know he won't gamble and 00:53:14
but he doesn't know he won't gamble and 00:53:20
but he doesn't know he won't gamble and so the ultimate you see the ultimate 00:53:20
so the ultimate you see the ultimate 00:53:22
so the ultimate you see the ultimate prisoner is the guard think of 1984 00:53:22
prisoner is the guard think of 1984 00:53:26
prisoner is the guard think of 1984 think of the super Big Brother sitting 00:53:26
think of the super Big Brother sitting 00:53:30
think of the super Big Brother sitting in his in an inner sanctum all the 00:53:30
in his in an inner sanctum all the 00:53:34
in his in an inner sanctum all the security systems outside all little 00:53:34
security systems outside all little 00:53:36
security systems outside all little television things to inspect what people 00:53:36
television things to inspect what people 00:53:38
television things to inspect what people are doing checks on checks who's the 00:53:38
are doing checks on checks who's the 00:53:41
are doing checks on checks who's the prisoner see the spiders caught in its 00:53:41
prisoner see the spiders caught in its 00:53:44
prisoner see the spiders caught in its own web he can't goof off can't even 00:53:44
own web he can't goof off can't even 00:53:48
own web he can't goof off can't even sleep because somebody might creep in he 00:53:48
sleep because somebody might creep in he 00:53:51
sleep because somebody might creep in he can't trust the most trusted God always 00:53:51
can't trust the most trusted God always 00:53:55
can't trust the most trusted God always might be poison and then it cost this 00:53:55
might be poison and then it cost this 00:53:57
might be poison and then it cost this great electronic age when every kind of 00:53:57
great electronic age when every kind of 00:54:00
great electronic age when every kind of deviltry and Snooper he becomes more and 00:54:00
deviltry and Snooper he becomes more and 00:54:02
deviltry and Snooper he becomes more and more subtle just think of the 00:54:02
more subtle just think of the 00:54:03
more subtle just think of the possibilities of being the man who 00:54:03
possibilities of being the man who 00:54:06
possibilities of being the man who controls it all 00:54:06
now 00:54:14
this also implies 00:54:21
that in behaving with each other in 00:54:29
that in behaving with each other in 00:54:32
that in behaving with each other in making the gamble in playing the game of 00:54:32
making the gamble in playing the game of 00:54:34
making the gamble in playing the game of existence there must also be rules there 00:54:34
existence there must also be rules there 00:54:41
existence there must also be rules there is both order and randomness 00:54:41
but you see the difficulty is that our 00:54:47
but you see the difficulty is that our 00:54:52
but you see the difficulty is that our attitude to the rules of behavior is 00:54:52
attitude to the rules of behavior is 00:54:56
attitude to the rules of behavior is rather curious 00:54:56
we can always 00:55:00
to derive our game rules from the past 00:55:05
we tend to be uninventive and uncreated 00:55:14
we tend to be uninventive and uncreated 00:55:17
we tend to be uninventive and uncreated in thinking about the rules of the human 00:55:17
in thinking about the rules of the human 00:55:20
in thinking about the rules of the human game and refer back say to such an 00:55:20
game and refer back say to such an 00:55:22
game and refer back say to such an ancient Bronze Age document as the ten 00:55:22
ancient Bronze Age document as the ten 00:55:24
ancient Bronze Age document as the ten commandments here was a set of game 00:55:24
commandments here was a set of game 00:55:29
commandments here was a set of game rules for a certain kind of society but 00:55:29
rules for a certain kind of society but 00:55:33
rules for a certain kind of society but they're somehow the idea you see that 00:55:33
they're somehow the idea you see that 00:55:34
they're somehow the idea you see that this set of rules is sacrosanct or 00:55:34
this set of rules is sacrosanct or 00:55:39
this set of rules is sacrosanct or whatever other set of rules it might be 00:55:39
whatever other set of rules it might be 00:55:41
whatever other set of rules it might be the laws of Manu or something in India 00:55:41
the laws of Manu or something in India 00:55:43
the laws of Manu or something in India but always the idea that there is a 00:55:43
but always the idea that there is a 00:55:48
but always the idea that there is a right way to live which is somehow laid 00:55:48
right way to live which is somehow laid 00:55:50
right way to live which is somehow laid down like tramlines 00:55:50
there was a young man who said down but 00:55:56
there was a young man who said down but 00:56:00
there was a young man who said down but it certainly seems that I am a creature 00:56:00
it certainly seems that I am a creature 00:56:02
it certainly seems that I am a creature that moves indeterminate grooves I'm not 00:56:02
that moves indeterminate grooves I'm not 00:56:04
that moves indeterminate grooves I'm not even a bus I'm a tram 00:56:04
and you see we have this idea also about 00:56:10
and you see we have this idea also about 00:56:13
and you see we have this idea also about the laws of nature although this is not 00:56:13
the laws of nature although this is not 00:56:18
the laws of nature although this is not the current I would say view of a 00:56:18
the current I would say view of a 00:56:20
the current I would say view of a physicist about the laws of nature it is 00:56:20
physicist about the laws of nature it is 00:56:22
physicist about the laws of nature it is traditional in our culture to think of 00:56:22
traditional in our culture to think of 00:56:24
traditional in our culture to think of certain rules that have been laid down 00:56:24
certain rules that have been laid down 00:56:27
certain rules that have been laid down in advance which the universe obeys we 00:56:27
in advance which the universe obeys we 00:56:31
in advance which the universe obeys we talk about obeying natural law and so 00:56:31
talk about obeying natural law and so 00:56:35
talk about obeying natural law and so human law is very often thought of on 00:56:35
human law is very often thought of on 00:56:38
human law is very often thought of on the same model or vice-versa the law of 00:56:38
the same model or vice-versa the law of 00:56:42
the same model or vice-versa the law of nature on the model of human laws that 00:56:42
nature on the model of human laws that 00:56:44
nature on the model of human laws that there is an authoritative lawgiver who 00:56:44
there is an authoritative lawgiver who 00:56:47
there is an authoritative lawgiver who is grandpa and says this is the way it's 00:56:47
is grandpa and says this is the way it's 00:56:51
is grandpa and says this is the way it's going to be around here and you have 00:56:51
going to be around here and you have 00:56:54
going to be around here and you have better follow now actually it doesn't 00:56:54
better follow now actually it doesn't 00:57:00
better follow now actually it doesn't seem that nature obeys laws but rather 00:57:00
seem that nature obeys laws but rather 00:57:06
seem that nature obeys laws but rather that when we watch nature behave and 00:57:06
that when we watch nature behave and 00:57:10
that when we watch nature behave and study the regularities in its behavior 00:57:10
study the regularities in its behavior 00:57:16
study the regularities in its behavior and right doubt those regularities down 00:57:16
and right doubt those regularities down 00:57:18
and right doubt those regularities down make notes of them we find that those 00:57:18
make notes of them we find that those 00:57:20
make notes of them we find that those regularities can be gambled on they're 00:57:20
regularities can be gambled on they're 00:57:23
regularities can be gambled on they're liable to go on again and it's only a 00:57:23
liable to go on again and it's only a 00:57:26
liable to go on again and it's only a kind of figure of speech 00:57:26
kind of figure of speech 00:57:29
kind of figure of speech that run talks therefore about the world 00:57:29
that run talks therefore about the world 00:57:32
that run talks therefore about the world itself obeying laws the laws of nature I 00:57:32
itself obeying laws the laws of nature I 00:57:38
itself obeying laws the laws of nature I mean it's like saying because you've 00:57:38
mean it's like saying because you've 00:57:39
mean it's like saying because you've devised a clock and it goes tick tick 00:57:39
devised a clock and it goes tick tick 00:57:41
devised a clock and it goes tick tick regularly who suddenly is astounded to 00:57:41
regularly who suddenly is astounded to 00:57:43
regularly who suddenly is astounded to find that the earth in its rotations is 00:57:43
find that the earth in its rotations is 00:57:45
find that the earth in its rotations is obeying the clock 00:57:45
see it's actually the clock which is the 00:57:53
see it's actually the clock which is the 00:57:55
see it's actually the clock which is the law thing is obeying the world if 00:57:55
law thing is obeying the world if 00:57:57
law thing is obeying the world if anything but this is the law that's why 00:57:57
anything but this is the law that's why 00:58:01
anything but this is the law that's why we alter our clocks for summertime 00:58:01
we alter our clocks for summertime 00:58:02
we alter our clocks for summertime instead of being sensible and getting up 00:58:02
instead of being sensible and getting up 00:58:05
instead of being sensible and getting up an hour earlier we have to alter the law 00:58:05
an hour earlier we have to alter the law 00:58:08
an hour earlier we have to alter the law so we have authority for getting up 00:58:08
so we have authority for getting up 00:58:11
so we have authority for getting up earlier 00:58:11
but you see the rules of human behavior 00:58:18
but you see the rules of human behavior 00:58:21
but you see the rules of human behavior they're highly necessary because we've 00:58:21
they're highly necessary because we've 00:58:23
they're highly necessary because we've got to agree about how we're going to 00:58:23
got to agree about how we're going to 00:58:28
got to agree about how we're going to communicate with each other and deal 00:58:28
communicate with each other and deal 00:58:30
communicate with each other and deal with each other for exactly the same 00:58:30
with each other for exactly the same 00:58:32
with each other for exactly the same reason that we have to agree about the 00:58:32
reason that we have to agree about the 00:58:34
reason that we have to agree about the rules of language otherwise we just 00:58:34
rules of language otherwise we just 00:58:36
rules of language otherwise we just don't understand each other but do you 00:58:36
don't understand each other but do you 00:58:39
don't understand each other but do you suppose that the rules of language are 00:58:39
suppose that the rules of language are 00:58:43
suppose that the rules of language are fixed and unalterable we are changing 00:58:43
fixed and unalterable we are changing 00:58:45
fixed and unalterable we are changing them all the time we're constantly 00:58:45
them all the time we're constantly 00:58:47
them all the time we're constantly inventing new words new forms of 00:58:47
inventing new words new forms of 00:58:49
inventing new words new forms of expression getting rid of old ones we 00:58:49
expression getting rid of old ones we 00:58:52
expression getting rid of old ones we are very creative especially in this 00:58:52
are very creative especially in this 00:58:54
are very creative especially in this country people are amazingly creative 00:58:54
country people are amazingly creative 00:58:56
country people are amazingly creative with language where I come from in 00:58:56
with language where I come from in 00:58:59
with language where I come from in England they are not so creative because 00:58:59
England they are not so creative because 00:59:01
England they are not so creative because they're more traditional more 00:59:01
they're more traditional more 00:59:02
they're more traditional more conservative but here there is a 00:59:02
conservative but here there is a 00:59:04
conservative but here there is a wonderfully creative language and so 00:59:04
wonderfully creative language and so 00:59:07
wonderfully creative language and so what happens is that the linguists and 00:59:07
what happens is that the linguists and 00:59:10
what happens is that the linguists and the people who make dictionaries they 00:59:10
the people who make dictionaries they 00:59:12
the people who make dictionaries they observe how the people are in fact 00:59:12
observe how the people are in fact 00:59:14
observe how the people are in fact talking and then they Chronicle all that 00:59:14
talking and then they Chronicle all that 00:59:17
talking and then they Chronicle all that so that everybody is informed through 00:59:17
so that everybody is informed through 00:59:19
so that everybody is informed through the dictionaries of what rules are being 00:59:19
the dictionaries of what rules are being 00:59:21
the dictionaries of what rules are being used now the same sort of thing in 00:59:21
used now the same sort of thing in 00:59:26
used now the same sort of thing in Moscow was with morals actually human 00:59:26
Moscow was with morals actually human 00:59:31
Moscow was with morals actually human beings are always changing morals but 00:59:31
beings are always changing morals but 00:59:35
beings are always changing morals but there's a terrific fight constantly goes 00:59:35
there's a terrific fight constantly goes 00:59:36
there's a terrific fight constantly goes on between the people who say well let's 00:59:36
on between the people who say well let's 00:59:38
on between the people who say well let's try it another way and the people say no 00:59:38
try it another way and the people say no 00:59:41
try it another way and the people say no no no no no you can't get away with that 00:59:41
no no no no you can't get away with that 00:59:45
no no no no you can't get away with that and so it's not as against the will of 00:59:45
and so it's not as against the will of 00:59:47
and so it's not as against the will of God or something 00:59:47
[Music] 00:59:52
[Music] 00:59:53
[Music] but you see we have very little although 00:59:53
but you see we have very little although 00:59:56
but you see we have very little although we change the language quite a bit do 00:59:56